High-fidelity simulations of blast loadings in urban environments using an overset meshing strategy

Wang, X.; Remotigue, Michael G.; Arnoldus, Qiuhan; Janus, Mark; Luke, Edward A.; Thompson, David S.; Weed, R. A.; Bessette, Gregory Carl

doi:10.1007/s00193-016-0680-x

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Numerical models of blast events can be validated by the experimental results presented here, even in the case of models considering a large and complex urban scenario. Such urban environments were considered in several numerical studies, such as [30][31][32][33][34]. Those complex tests including city geometry are not possible to conduct in reality due to economic and infrastructure access reasons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of blast loading behind a building corner

Gajewski

Sielicki

2020

Shock Waves

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The paper presents unique blast experiments in reference to scientific literature and official standards. Experimental scenarios reflect a hypothetical realistic combat situation of a human being covered from a blast wave behind a rigid building corner. In the scenario assumed, the overpressure loads affect the lungs while the person is standing or the eardrums while the person is kneeling at the aiming position. The paper presents 27 free-field experiments measuring the overpressure loads. All the measurements were taken behind the right angle of the rigid wall. Two masses of TNT were considered: 200 g and 400 g. In the selected cases, a low test-to-test variability of the measured data was observed. Detailed plots of overpressure versus time are presented for various distances behind the building corner and TNT charge masses. Peak overpressure versus positive impulse plots are also demonstrated. Furthermore, the safety thresholds regarding different locations behind the building corner are defined for the considered explosive masses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of blast loading behind a building corner

Gajewski

Sielicki

2020

Shock Waves

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“…All reflection phenomena experimentally observed were reported by Ben-Dor [1], with analytical analysis. Thus, it is well known that reflections can increase overpressure (Wang et al [2]) and positive impulse (Fouchier et al [3], Rose and Smith [4]). Nevertheless, multiple reflection with multiple obstacles configurations was investigated in order to mitigate overpressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shock Wave Propagation in an Obstructed Area

Gautier

Sochet

Lapébie

et al. 2020

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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The aim of this study is to characterize the behaviour and propagation of a shock wave in an obstructed area. The recent literature demonstrates the attenuation of shock wave versus the obstacle shape and matrix arrangement. The paper will present an experimental work conducted at a small scale. The shock wave is created from the detonation of a hemispherical gaseous charge confined in a bubble on a surface. The obstruction zone is obtained by rigid vertical cylinders in an open area. Influences of distribution and areal density of the cylinders as function of the mass of explosive charge are investigated. The blast wave is characterized by using pressure sensors and a high-speed camera. Hence, the pressure sensors acquired overpressure and the arrival time. The propagation and reflexion, diffraction of shock wave, are analysed from the pictures produced during the visualization tests.

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“…The clearing effects in finite targets were studied by Tyas et al (2011) using experimental models and semi-empirical functions and by Rigby et al (2014) using numerical analysis. Urban environments present obstructions for blast waves, producing multiple reflections which can have a significant effect on the resulting blast loading on buildings in the path of the blast wave (Codina et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2017). Numerical simulations of blast loading in urban environments using an overset meshing strategy were presented by Wang et al (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urban environments present obstructions for blast waves, producing multiple reflections which can have a significant effect on the resulting blast loading on buildings in the path of the blast wave (Codina et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2017). Numerical simulations of blast loading in urban environments using an overset meshing strategy were presented by Wang et al (2017). In Larcher and Casadei (2010), several methods for simulating air blast waves in urban environments are compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and analytical study of overpressures and impulses inside a masonry box subjected to external blast loading

Codina

2019

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Blast loads have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to accidental or intentional events involving important structures, which have occurred around the world. The activities related to terrorist attacks have increased and, unfortunately, the current trend suggests that they will continue to rise in the future. In relation to the design of structures subjected to blast loadings, there are still many uncertainties in the specialized technical literature. Particularly, the overpressures and impulses inside constructions are difficult to estimate due to many reflections of the shock wave. The main objective of this work is to study the propagation of the blast wave inside constructions subjected to external loadings. An experimental study was performed using a masonry box with reinforced concrete beams and columns and a typical window. The results were previously presented. In this article, numerical models are developed in order to compare results and to obtain design guidelines. Explosive charges of equivalent 1–5 kg of TNT and elevated 1 m above the ground were detonated at different distances from the window, and overpressures and impulses were obtained at five points inside and outside the room. However, empirical–analytical results using a well-known technical manual are also obtained and compared. The obtained results are useful to evaluate numerical codes and empirical formulas.

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High-fidelity simulations of blast loadings in urban environments using an overset meshing strategy

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental study of blast loading behind a building corner

Experimental study of blast loading behind a building corner

Shock Wave Propagation in an Obstructed Area

Numerical and analytical study of overpressures and impulses inside a masonry box subjected to external blast loading

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