The use of prestressed precast hollow core slabs has intensified as technological advances. However, the knowledge of the structural behavior when openings are inserted into this element is still limited, mainly due to the shear force. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the structural behavior of the shear test of prestressed hollow core slabs with openings. In this paper, three types of hollow core slabs were tested: no openings, a central opening and side openings; using experimental and numerical methodology. The experimental test was carried out in the Federal University of São Carlos, and the numerical analysis used the software ABAQUS. All results were compared with three standard formulations (i.e., NBR, ACI and Eurocode), in order to verify its accuracy. In the end, the numerical results demonstrated that the developed model (CDP) presented results close to the experimental results. For the hollow core slab with a central opening, a rupture occurred in the web adjacent to the opening. On the other hand, for the hollow core slab with side openings, the rupture occurred at the edge of the web. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the openings influence the main web tensions, being responsible for the diagonal model stress rupture. Finally, the Brazilian and Eurocode standard formulations proved to be good estimators of the resistant shear force.
RESUMOEste trabalho aborda a influência do momento e número de alvéolos preenchidos no ganho de resistência à força cortante em lajes alveolares pré-fabricadas, por meio de um estudo teórico que faz uso das equações contidas na ABNT NBR 14861-2011 para o cálculo da resistência ao esforço cortante, e por um estudo experimental onde foram ensaiadas lajes sem alvéolos preenchidos, e com o preenchimento de 2 ou 4 alvéolos antes ou após a liberação da protensão na pista de concretagem. O estudo teórico aponta a vantagem da execução do preenchimento após a liberação da protensão, convergindo aos valores experimentais para lajes com 4 alvéolos preenchidos, porém diverge para o caso de preenchimento de 2 alvéolos. Palavras-chave:Lajes alveolares, preenchimento de alvéolos, resistência ao esforço cortante, concreto pré-fabricado. ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the influence of instances and quantity of filled cores on shear strength gain of pretensioned precast concrete hollow core slabs, by means of a theoretical study that uses the available equations given by ABNT NBR 14861 [3] for shear strength calculation, and an experimental study where slabs without core filing, with 02 or 04 cores filled before or after the release of the strands prestressing in the casting bed, were tested under shear strength. The theoretical study confirms the advantage of the core filling execution after the release of prestressing, converging from experimental study when 04 cores were filled and diverging from this when 04 cores were filled.Keywords: Hollow core slab, core filling, shear strength, precast concrete. INTRODUÇÃOAs lajes alveolares pré-fabricadas protendidas (LAPs) podem ser definidas como o elemento de concreto protendido com vazios contínuos. Estes elementos apresentam-se como uma solução estrutural avançada para piso e forro, possuindo montagem rápida e custo competitivo em virtude do melhor uso dos materiais. A sua seção de altura reduzida contribui para a diminuição do peso próprio e torna a estrutura mais eficiente, conforme STANTON [20].Por meio de um processo de fabricação industrial, aliado a uma geometria com vazios contínuos e a técnica da protensão, as LAPs podem alcançar grandes vãos e suportar carregamentos elevados.Segundo PALMER e SCHULTZ [17], os vazios gerados pelos alvéolos ao longo da laje não interferem significativamente na resistência a flexão do elemento, justificando assim sua seção transversal.De modo geral a produção das lajes alveolares ocorre por dois processos de produção: por extrusão,
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