We describe the leadership activities of symphony orchestra conductors with an aesthetic analysis. In contrast to a popular understanding of a conductor as an individual hero, we depict leadership as an ongoing relational process between the conductor and the musicians. Drawing on our field studies of four symphony orchestras and the literatures of music organizations, organizational aesthetics and aesthetic leadership, we develop three dimensions to study the leadership of conductors: relational listening, aesthetic judgment and kinaesthetic empathy. Our analysis contributes to leadership theory by emphasizing the importance of aesthetic elements, processes, embodiment and work practices.

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Purpose -The past 30 years have been a period marked by extensive modernisation programmes in the public sector. Principles taken from the New Public Management agenda have been adopted, and market solutions have been implemented across a broad range of service areas. These reforms have challenged the existing organisational culture of many public sector institutions. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether there has been a detectable change in the dominant values found in professional organisations within the public sector over the past decade, and if so, what challenges the leaders are faced with as a result of these changes. Design/methodology/approach -The empirical data are based on a quantitative survey of leaders in a large Norwegian municipality with a total population of 189 such leaders. Of these, 155 returned the questionnaires, giving a response rate of 82 per cent. Findings -The results of the study show that two central values connected to the New Public Management agenda have gained increased importance over recent years -namely "meeting the needs of individual users", and "renewal/innovation". Of the listed values perceived as having become more important, these were ranked as the top two. At the same time, values traditionally associated with the public ethos continue to enjoy a strong position, whereas purely economic values remain relatively insignificant. Research limitations/implications -All in all, this study shows that the landscape of values in the public sector is changing, and there are strong indications that traditional values have come under pressure from new values embedded in the on-going institutional reforms. Originality/value -The paper shows that in a situation where values are changing, leaders may need to put greater emphasis on value-based leadership.

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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore why critical reflexivity should be promoted within mid‐career management education programmes and articulate the benefits of a deliberate research orientation for such programmes. Design/methodology/approach – Having considered meta‐issues concerning the content and context of management education and research, the article identifies the categorical, methodological and contextual challenges which confront manager‐researchers and those facilitating mid‐career programmes. It argues that managers need to develop awareness of the different epistemologies and an understanding of their personal ontological orientation and methodological preferences in order to maximise the pertinence and added value of their research. Findings – The paper delineates the curricular, pedagogical and organisational challenges inherent in the promotion of critical reflexivity and research within mid‐career programmes. Originality/value – The paper outlines how a deliberate linkage of research and teaching can be forged in order to help managers surface and interrogate the knowledge, norms and values which frame their beliefs and actions. Consequently, it is of practical help to both academics and manager‐researchers.