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Stroke is a highly lethal disease and disabling illness while ischemic stroke accounts for the majority of stroke. It has been found that inflammation plays a key role in the initiation and progression of stroke, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture is considered to be the leading cause of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, chronic inflammatory diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, are also considered as the high-risk factors for stroke. Recently, the topic on how gut microbiota affects human health has aroused great concern. The initiation and progression of ischemic stroke has been found to have close relation with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Hence, this manuscript briefly summarizes the roles of gut microbiota in ischemic stroke and its related risk factors, and the practicability of preventing and alleviating ischemic stroke by reconstructing gut microbiota.

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BACKGROUND Limited evidence supports integrated community-based interventions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. We aimed to assess whether integrated community-based interventions could result in better health outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess whether integrated community-based interventions could result in better health outcomes. METHODS Relevant articles published from January 1, 2005, to October 15, 2020 were obtained. A total of 28 reports with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were finally included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS Integrated community-based interventions could reduce all-cause hospitalization days per patient [weighted mean difference (95% confidence interval) -1.50 (-2.39, -0.61)], improve 6-minutes walking distance [WMD (95% CI) 10.75 (10.64, 10.86)], and reduce St.George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score per year [WMD (95% CI) -3.36 (-5.30, -1.42)], while could not reduce yearly decline in the lung function, all-cause mortality and all-cause hospital admissions in COPD patients. The efficiency of integrated community-based interventions might attribute to the implements of physical activity, medication management, self-management and long-term intervention (i.e., >12 months). CONCLUSIONS Integrated community-based interventions may have a potential to improve health-related outcomes for COPD.