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Considerable effort has been done to overcome the loss of catalyst in homogeneously catalysed processes. In this contribution we describe five recycling concepts for thermoregulated catalyst separation and recycling: fluorous biphasic systems (FBS), thermoregulated phase transfer catalysis (TRPTC), soluble polymer-based catalysis, thermoregulated microemulsions and temperature-dependent multicomponent solvent systems (TMS). Each of these concepts has its own special advantages like low catalyst leaching or simple process engineering but also drawbacks like usage of expensive special solvents or complex and expensive catalysts. In this context, TMS systems exhibit most advantages of the other concepts combined with the possibility to use common and cheap solvents as well as numerous classical molecular catalysts. Therefore, TMS systems are expected to be one of the most promising thermomorphic recycling concepts for industrial scale.

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The rhodium-BIPHEPHOS catalysed hydroformylation of trans-4-octene yields n-nonanal at high selectivity under mild reaction conditions. In this contribution a new method for an efficient product and catalyst separation in hydroformylation reactions is presented. By application of a temperature-dependent multi-component solvent (TMS) system, classical extraction process steps can be omitted and catalyst leaching reduced. The Hansen solubility parameter concept of solvent selection is presented to determine in general TMS systems for homogeneous catalysed reactions.

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