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There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESIII and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESIII, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESIII during the remaining operation period of BEPCII. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCII to higher luminosity.

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The sorption of aqueous Pb, Cd, and Zn onto a mineral apatite from North Carolina was investigated in relation to a wide range of pH. The effects of pH on solid-phase precipitation were particularly emphasized. The heavy metals were applied as single or multiple species. Solution pH greatly affected metal sorption mechanism by apatite and metal-apatite reaction products. The sorption of aqueous Pb was primarily through a process of the dissolution of apatite followed by the precipitation of variable pyromorphitetype minerals under acidic condition or of hydrocerussite [Pb 3 (CO 3 ) 2 (OH) 2 ] and lead oxide fluoride (Pb 2 OF 2 ) under alkaline condition. Otavite (CdCO 3 ), cadmium hydroxide [Cd(OH) 2 ], and zincite (ZnO) were formed in the Cd or Zn system, especially under alkaline condition; while hopeite [Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ‚4H 2 O] might precipitate only under very acidic condition. Alternative sorption mechanisms other than precipitation of the crystalline phases were important in reducing Cd and Zn concentrations by the apatite and might include ion exchange, adsorption, absorption, complexation, coprecipitation, or precipitation of amorphous phases. Removal of Cd and Zn by the apatite was pH dependent, whereas removal of Pb was not. The removals were about 0.729 mmol of Pb, 0.489-1.317 mmol of Cd, and 0.596-2.187 mmol of Zn/g of apatite, representing removal of 99.9%, 37.0-99.9%, and 27.0-99.9% of heavy metals from solution, respectively.