Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising adjuvant therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) in intermediate and advanced states, improving motor symptoms and life quality. Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of DBS in PD treatment. Design and Setting: Systematic review performed on medical school in Brazil. Methods: A literature review in the MedLine database was conducted using the following descriptors: “Deep Brain Stimulation”, “Parkinson’s Disease” and its variations according to MeSH. Only randomized controlled trials conducted in humans and published in English in the last 10 years were included. The PRISMA statement was used to improve this systematic review’s findings. Results: Three clinical trials that evaluated the effects of DBS in PD’s management were analysed. The main result measurement tools used in the studies were the PDQ-39-SI and UPDRS-III scores. Hacked ML et al. (2018) concluded that drug therapy + DBS was significantly superior to isolated drug therapy (p <0.0002). Schuepbach WMM et al. (2019) found that the experimental group presented significantly better outcomes in comparison to the control group (p <0,05). Birchall EL et al. (2016) suggested that the DBS device implant in the subthalamic nucleus caused significant improvement in depressive symptoms, motor symptoms, quality of sleep (p <0.0001) and quality of life (p=0.0005) in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: DBS has shown to be an efficient therapy for PD, once it promoted better outcomes regarding motor symptoms, depression, quality of life and quality of sleep. However, it is necessary to be aware of eventual side effects in the post-operative period.

Background: Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is an important component of mortality rate(MR) among young adults. Hypothermia(HT) is a treatment with questionable efficacy, given existing discordant views. Objective: investigate the performance of HT in TBI. Methods: Randomized controlled trials(RCT) from PUBMED, over the last five years, were analysed through the descriptors “Traumatic brain injury”; “Therapeutic hypothermia” and its MeSH variations. RCTs in individuals over 19 were included. After criteria were applied, four were selected for this review. This systematic review was submitted for registration on the PROSPERO plataform(ID: 253817). Results: Eurotherm3235 segregated n=387 to a group subjected to HP and another to standard treatment, evaluating them through the Glasgow Scale. The RCT was interrupted due potential damage to the participants, and showed greater MR(p <0.05) in the experimental group (EG). The POST-HOC of the B-HYPO sorted n=129 into a control group on fever management, and another group subjected to HT, separating them according to the injury. The patients with minor severity from the EG showed higher MR(p <0.05). The RCT from Chunhai T et al.(n=60) subjected to decompressive hemicraniectomy, which were divided into those who received HT, and a control group, displaying an inferior MR in the EG (p<0.05). Feng JZ et al. with n=14 subjected the EG to HT, and analysed the participants through the magnetic resonance metabolomics, showing lesser MR and better recovery in the EG(p<0.05). Conclusion: The studies indicated disparate results. However, those with larger samples indicated worse prognosis between patients subjected to HT.

Background: Omega-3, composed mainly of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has aroused great interest due to its neuroprotective properties. Thus, it is believed that these acids can play a protective role against cognitive decline. Objectives: Investigate the effectiveness of Omega-3 supplementation in cognitive function improvement in individuals with, or without, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Design and Setting: Systematic review performed at a medical school in Brazil. Methods: A literature review in the MedLine database was conducted using the following descriptors: “Omega-3 Fatty Acids”, “Cognitive Function” and its variations according to MeSH. Only randomized controlled trials conducted in humans, published in English in the last 10 years were included. The PRISMA statement was used to improve this review. Results: Four randomized controlled trials with DHA and EPA supplementation were analyzed. Narendran R et al. (2012) suggested a significant improvement in the performance of working memory in the 3-back test (p = 0.04). Strike SC et al. (2016) found significant improvements in the VRM memory test (p = 0.029) and in the MOT task (p = 0.038). Stavrinou PS et al. (2020) found significant improvement in the ACE-R and MMSE cognitive tests (p < 0,001; p=0,011) in elderly people with MCI. Bo Y et al. (2017) concluded that the intervention group had a significant improvement in the total BCAT test score (p <0.0001). Conclusions: Omega-3 has shown potential effectiveness in cognitive function improvement, especially in elderly people with MCI. However, it is important to carry out further research in the area.