O presente trabalho apresenta uma avaliação da abordagem dos possíveis impactos ambientais causados pela implementação de novas Linhas de Transmissão (LT’s) no planejamento da expansão do sistema elétrico brasileiro. Como estudo de caso, avaliou-se a alteração do traçado proposto originalmente da LT 230 kV Osório 3 – Gravataí 3, para um traçado que buscasse reduzir os impactos ambientais, para este novo traçado foram revisados e discutidos indicadores de sustentabilidade e impacto econômico. Verificou-se que a alteração do traçado resultou em um acréscimo de 29% no custo da linha, no entanto aumentou o índice de sustentabilidade da mesma.
Aerator systems promote additional insertion of air into the flow and can reduce the risk of cavitation and consequent damage to hydraulic structures. This work analyzes the hydrodynamic pressures on the steps of a physical model (with a chute inclination of 53.13º) subjected to different aeration conditions. When comparing the results with different air intake coefficients in the flow, it was concluded that the incorporation of air does not change in a generalized way all the statistical parameters associated with hydrodynamic pressures on the steps. However, with the insertion of air in the flow, there was an increase in the minimum pressure values measured in the region of the jet impact and downstream. Empirical equations for predicting the distribution of pressures on the steps under induced aeration conditions were proposed, valid for structures whose ratio between the height of the deflector and the height of the steps is equal to 0.167, with an aerator system installed at the beginning of the stepped chute.
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