Due to the rapid growth of the market of scientific and technical products and the high level of competition, market appropriate solution becomes finding ways to commercialization of research products. The article substantiates the need for accelerated modernization of the Kazakh economy based on increasing the effectiveness of scientific research and introduction into industrial production of research results while diversifying the ways of commercializing R&D results. In this article, the authors analyze the current state of Kazakh science. As a result of the research, a new mechanism for multi-criteria selection of promising R&D results of scientific organizations has been proposed and a system of organizational and economic support for their commercialization has been substantiated. The results will be useful in the practical activities of both scientific and industrial organizations.

The recent decades demonstrate that tourism is one of the sectors that develop the most consistently and form the backbone of the economies of many developed and developing countries. In this context, one of the main problems hindering the promotion of tourism services is the relatively high probability of force majeure situations. Whereas forced flight cancellations, floods, or hurricanes are local events, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have taken their toll on the entire tourism sector. Today, the tourism sector is one of the most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This may provoke further regression given the weak global economy, geopolitical, social, and trade tensions, and uneven performance among major outbound travel markets. At the same time, over many years, tourism has been consistently proving its resilience and ability not only to recover from economic crises but also to contribute to a broader economic and social recovery. The goal of the present study is to develop proposals for the introduction of financial and administrative measures for the development of the tourism industry in the post-pandemic period. Data for the study are collected by means of document analysis and an expert survey. The study concludes that in order to overcome the adverse economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the sphere of tourism, a number of financial and administrative measures need to be developed and implemented at the level of state and local government institutions, particularly in Kazakhstan, to support the development of the tourism sector and stimulate the activities of tourism enterprise. For their part, the authors propose the key measures that should improve the financial sustainability and organization of the tourism sector in Kazakhstan.

The article discusses the problems and prospects for the development of ethno, eco, agro and spiritual tourism. An important problem of ethno-tourism is the problem of increasing the excursion attractiveness of countries and regions. The main environmental problem of the development of society is the protection and storage of natural identity and security. This work is the result of research conducted by the author for the period 2012-2017. using statistical and financial reporting of Kazakhstan tourism. The work includes methods for comparing current years and past (base).Purpose of scientific work is analysis of the trends of development and approaches to the development of the state programs of the development of agro-, Etna and spiritual tourism in the economy Of the Republic Kazakhstan. Lies in the fact that in further development of methodological base the estimation of the effectiveness of agro-, Etna and spiritual tourism on the basis of innovation approach and unity of the processes of their functioning. The methods proposed in this work show what methods of programs can be used for the development of tourism both within the state and abroad.