This article examines the impact of digital development on the tourism industry. It also considers the advantages of information technology in the promotion of e-tourism. The development of e-tourism is connected with the fact that today's world community cannot be imagined without a variety of portable technical means. The possibilities of the Internet are attractive to potential tourists by the fact that they can, quite independently, become acquainted with the country they intend to visit, learn about sights and hotels, as well gain an impression of local living conditions. Gradually, travellers have begun to increasingly please their trust in such innovations as electronic visa and e-tickets, and indeed use them, which makes it possible to talk about the rapid development of e-tourism. The international tourism multiplier for Kazakhstan has also been calculated (k = 1.15). It shows the degree of increase in the incomes of local residents with an increase in the expenditure of foreign tourists per unit.Уоткінс М. PhD, Університет Лестера, Лестер, Сполучене Королівство Великобританії Зіядін С. доктор економічних наук, професор, Казахський національний університет імені аль-Фарабі, Алмати, Республіка Казахстан Іматаєва А. магістр економіки, старший викладач, Університет Нархоз, Алмати, Республіка Казахстан Курмангалієва А. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, Костонайський державний університет ім. Ахмета Байтурсинова, Костонай, Республіка Казахстан Блембаєва А. докторант, Казахський національний університет імені аль-Фарабі, Алмати, Республіка Казахстан Цифровий туризм як ключовий фактор розвитку економіки Анотація. У статті розглядаються питання, пов'язані з впливом цифрових технологій на розвиток електронного туризму зокрема та індустрію туризму в цілому. Розвиток електронного туризму спричинений тим, що сучасне світове співтовариство неможливо уявити без властивої йому різноманітності портативних технічних засобів. Можливості мережі Інтернет є привабливими для потенційних туристів у зв'язку з тим, що такі особи мають можливість ознайомитися з країною, яку вони мають намір відвідати, дізнатися про визначні пам'ятки та готелі, а також отримати уявлення про умови проживання в потенційній країні перебування. Слід також зазначити, що останнім часом довіра осіб, що подорожують, до нововведень, таких як електронні візи та електронні квитки, зросла, що обумовлює відповідний попит і дозволяє говорити про стрімкий розвиток електронного туризму. Ключові слова: індустрія туризму; цифровий туризм; інформаційні та комунікаційні технології; електронний туризм.
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The article deals with issues and challenges related to the transition of Kazakhstan's economy to industrial-innovative development, including the main causes for low innovation activities of enterprises, and peculiarities of the development of an effective mechanism to finance innovation activities and to strengthen the country's intellectual capital Currently, countries that implement long-term innovative development strategies satisfying the needs of a diverse market have competitive advantages in the market. The present research enables us to identify and analyse problems of formation and development of Kazakhstan's industrial and innovative economy, namely the lack of application of research results in business, inadequate and ineffective funding (both public and private) of innovation activities, as well as little support and encouragement for scientists as major participants in innovation activities. It has been concluded that nowhere in the world has a national innovation system been formed by the market or private sector alone. Kazakhstan is not an exception. Therefore, the state must play the leading role in both promoting the results of R&D and innovation activities in the market and creating the national innovation system.
This article looks at recently published research on social media consumers. Five topics are highlighted: consumer digital culture, responses to digital advertising, the impact of social media on consumer behavior, mobile environments, and online rumors (WOM). The articles examines how consumers experience, are influenced and are influenced by the digital environment they are in as part of their daily lives. Much remains to be understood, and existing knowledge tends to focus disproportionately on WOM, which is only part of the digital consumer experience. Several avenues for future research have been proposed to encourage researchers to consider a wider range of phenomena.
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