Komoditi pertanian di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya dikelola dengan optimal. Saat ini masih banyak komoditi pertanian yang dipasarkan dalam bentuk bahan segar sehingga belum menghasilkan nilai tambah yang bisa dinikmati oleh petani. Karena itu pengembangan industri, khususnya industri pangan lokal perlu dikembangkan. Dilihat dari peluang pasar yang ada, industri pangan lokal mempunyai prospek pasar yang baik. Namun demikian para pengusaha pangan lokal masih mempunyai kendala untuk mengembangkan industri pangan yang dimilikinya. Untuk merancang solusi yang tepat maka seluruh prospek dan kendala yang ada perlu dianalisis secara komprehensif. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang prospek dan kendala pengembangan industri pangan lokal ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada sentra produksi pangan lokal di Sumatera Barat. Untuk mendapatkan data primer dilakukan indept interview dan Focus discussion Group dengan pemilik industri pangan lokal. Untuk optimasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembangan industri digunakan metode respon permukaan. Data penelitian yang diolah dengan program (Analytic Hierarchy Process) memperlihatkan bahwa produk industri pangan pangan lokal mempunyai prospek pengembangan dari sisi: citarasa (0,3723), keragaman produk (0,2643), skala usaha/bisa diusahakan dalam skala kecil (0,2495), penunjang pariwisata/makanan oleh-oleh/souvenir bagi wisatawan (0,1139). Kendala dalam pengembangannya adalah bahan baku/kontinyuitas pasokan (0,3088), kualitas SDM/tenaga kerja (0,2355), modal usaha (0,1999), manajemen produksi dan pemasaran (0,1448), standar mutu (0,1110). Analisis data dengan menggunakan metode respon permukaan memperlihatkan bahwa pengembangan produk bisa dilakukan dengan melakukan optimasi berbagai faktor faktor kendala.
The development of small-scale food industry cluster is influenced by the technology component. Because it required accurate information about the importance of existing technology components. This study aims to evaluate the technology components that are known several important factors that need to be improved so that clusters of small-scale food industries can thrive. This research using the program Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the level of importance of each variable based on its value. The survey results revealed that each technology component has a value as follows: technoware component of the operation of the order is a factor (0.2889), quality of raw materials (0.2770), improvement of production efficiency (0.1894), the fulfillment of production capacity (0.1717), technology adoption (0.0489) and resource technologies (0.0242). Components of the order value is organoware environmental management factor (0.6267), marketing management (0.2797) and production management (0.0936). Components infoware order value is a factor of production records (0.6267), the promotion of products (0.2797) and documentation effort (0.0936). Humanware component order is the motivation factor (0.5022), the trust fellow members (0.1883), knowledge manager (0.1854), the management skills (0.0817) and innovation (0, 0425).
Rantai pasok pada pemasaran produk pertanian sangat mempengaruhi tingkat keuntungan yang diperoleh petani sebagai produsen. Karena itu petani kopi harus mampu menyesuaikan diri, atau mempunyai alternatif lain dalam pemasaran biji kopi yang dihasilkannya. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis rantai pasok dan pemasaran biji kopi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di beberapa daerah penghasil kopi di Propinsi Sumatera Barat, khususnya untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani kopi dalaam memasarkan biji kopi yang dihasilkannya. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk mengetahui bobot dari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam memasarkan biji kopi yang dihasilkannya. Dari penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa faktor yang menentukan jalur pemasaran yang dipilih oleh petani kopi dipengaruhi oleh fakto-faktor berikut ini : jumlah produksi (0,4322), mutu (0,3347), harga (0,1977), keberadaan industri pengolahan kopi bubuk (0,0354).
The role of coffee farmers is equally important to increase supply chain efficiency. The research problem is how the marketing channel strategy in the coffee bean supply chain considers the position of farmers at a reasonable cost level and proportional profit margins for farmers. This study focused on Robusta coffee which is cultivated by many farmers in Jambi Province as one of the coffees producing regions in Indonesia. The research phase consists of observing supply chain practices and formulating mathematical models to calculate profit margins. There are two types of channel that has been practiced for a long time. The results of the profit margin analysis show that the best supply chain is the second channel and prove that a long supply chain is not efficient for marketing coffee beans because some activities are non-value added.
Clusters of small-scale food industries have different characteristics with industrial cluster in general. These characteristics need to know to develop a plan for cluster development. This study was conducted to determine characteristics clusters of small-scale food industry, especially in West Sumatra. For the analysis of the components of industrial and technological components that affect the development of small-scale food industry cluster in West Sumatra. All variables influence the level of industrial components and technology components were analysed using the program "Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS)". The survey results revealed that the industrial component is influenced by the core industry (level of difficulty in capital gain and raw materials), the buyer (customer satisfaction), related industry (quality and continuity of supply of packaging) and institutional support (coaching on marketing and capitalization as well as guidance on the production of sanitary and food safety). Component technology is influenced by organoware (production management and marketing management) and human ware (innovation and trust among the members).
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