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How to efficiently utilize most abundant biomass of cellulose, lignin and their derivatives has become an emerging challenge as the anticipative oil depletion. In this paper, the ternary anionic copolymer of carboxymethyl cellulose-acrylamide-lignosulfonate (CAL) was successfully prepared by hydrothermal polymerization. Based on the flocculation characteristics of cationic methylene blue, the optimal polymerization process was confirmed as the raw material ratio of 1:1:1, initiator dosage of 0.9 wt %, the reaction time was 5 h and the reaction temperature was 55 °C. The results showed that the decolorization ratio was 87.5% at the CAL dosage of 600 mg/L for the 500 mg/L methylene blue simulated wastewater. The CAL achieved fast flocculation kinetics and super color removal ratios in the wide ranges of environmental pH, temperature and salt concentration. The flocculation mechanism is single charge neutralization. Moreover, the estimated treatment cost of CAL is 68.3% lower than that of commercial anionic PAM. The prepared anionic CAL flocculant has the characteristics of environmental safety, excellent flocculation performance and cost-effectiveness, which shows great potential in the field of dye wastewater treatment, and also provides a feasible way for the effective utilization of biomass resources.

Dye wastewater, especially anionic dye wastewater, poses a serious risk to the environment and human health. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop new flocculants with high efficiency and biodegradability. Herein, a copolymer of chitosan‐diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride‐β‐cyclodextrin (CDC) with multiple functional groups is synthesized by microwave‐assisted copolymerization and used as flocculation to remove anionic dyes from wastewater. The experimental data show that the best removal ratios of the prepared CDC can reach 99.8% and 98.9% for acid black 172 and reactive orange C‐3R, respectively. In addition, the CDC can maintain good removal ability at different pH, temperature, and dye concentration. The excellent flocculation ability and wide application range endow the CDC flocculant with the potential application of anionic dye wastewater treatment.

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