Trueperella pyogenes is a significant pathogen of livestock, causing diverse diseases, such as mastitis, liver abscessation, and pneumonia. In this study, we have reported the genome sequence of Trueperella pyogenes 2012CQ-ZSH. Moreover, several genes coding for virulence factors were found, such as pyolysin (PYO), nanH, nanP, cbpA, fimC, and fimE.

Proteus species are common opportunistic bacteria and foodborne pathogens. The proper detection of Proteus can effectively reduce the occurrence of food-borne public health events. Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris are the two most important pathogens in the Proteus genus. In this study, a dual TaqMan Real-Time PCR method was established to simultaneously detect and distinguish P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris in samples. The method exhibited good specificity, stability, and sensitivity. Specifically, the minimum detection concentrations of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris in pure bacterial cultures were 6.08 × 102 colony forming units (CFU)/ml and 4.46 × 102 CFU/ml, respectively. Additionally, the minimum detectable number of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris in meat and milk was 103 CFU/g. In addition, the method can be used to distinguish between strains of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris within two hours. Overall, it is a sensitive, easy-to-use, and practical test for the identification and classification of Proteus in food.

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Background Paratuberculosis, is a widespread chronic infection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), causes significant economic losses to the sheep industry. The current study investigated this disease, which causes diarrhea in sheep, particularly, in Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia. Diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, pathological autopsy, histopathological inspection, and serological and molecular methods. Results Paratuberculosis was confirmed via a polymerase chain reaction using DNA extracted from tissue and fecal samples. Serum samples from 472 individual sheep were obtained to detect antibodies against MAP by ELISA test and MAP antibodies were separately detected in 17.86% (35/196) and 18.48% (51/276) of sheep herds at 6 months and 1 years of age respectively. The results of tissue lesion and pathological section were consistent with paratuberculosis infection. Conclusions This is the first report of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis seroprevalence in Bayannaoer sheep in Inner Mongolia. Our findings show that MAP was prevalent and potentially threaten in this region and more further investigations on long-term epidemiological

Background Paratuberculosis is a widespread chronic infection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) that causes significant economic losses to the sheep industry. The current study investigated this disease, which causes diarrhea in sheep, particularly, in Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, China. Diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, pathological autopsy, histopathological inspection, and serological and molecular methods. Results MAP was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction using DNA extracted from tissue and fecal samples. Serum samples from 472 individual sheep were obtained to detect antibodies against MAP using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MAP antibodies were separately detected in 17.86% (35/196) and 18.48% (51/276) of sheep herds at approximately 6 months and ≥ 1 year of age, respectively. The tissue lesion and pathological section results were consistent with paratuberculosis infection. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis seroprevalence in Bayannaoer sheep in Inner Mongolia. Our findings show that MAP is not only prevalent, but also a potential threat to this region. Further investigations, including long-term epidemiological surveillance and isolation are needed for the awareness and effective treatment of paratuberculosis in sheep of Inner Mongolia.