This study used the Health Beliefs Model to explore beliefs on digital rectal examination (DRE) to screen for prostrate cancer, prior to intent to submit to the examination, in men 45 to 64 years of age in Cali, Colombia. The 267 participants answered a questionnaire by means of prior selection through proportional sampling by quotas. A univariate and bivariate analysis showed that only 25.8% of the participants had submitted previously to digital rectal examination and that 68.1% intended to do so in the following 12 months. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between a history of DRE and schooling, socioeconomic status, health system coverage, perception of susceptibility to the disease, and perception of barriers and benefits. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between intent to submit to DRE and health system coverage, perception of severity of the disease, and perception of barriers. Given the low level of history of DRE and intent to submit to the examination, the results could help improve strategies to increase this practice at the local level.
<p>La seguridad vial-SV es dimensión clave del estudio e intervención de la movilidad humana. Es hace décadas prioridad en salud pública internacional y determinante del desarrollo de comunidades y naciones. La declaratoria de una crisis global de SV en los años 90 del siglo XX por las Naciones Unidas impulsó los procesos sociales, políticos y técnicos para proponer la Década de Acción en Seguridad Vial–DASV 2010-2020. La DASV tiene un plan de acción global estructurado en cinco pilares, el primero referido a la gestión institucional de la SV. Este artículo describe antecedentes, marcos, evidencias y los pobres efectos de la gestión del primer quinquenio de la DASV en Medellín, Colombia, al año 2015.</p>
Breastfeeding promotion is one of the most effective strategies to prevent child malnutrition; it reduces costs to families, health services and society. In Colombia, exclusive breastfeeding is practiced only by 10% of women. Objective: To identify factors associated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: A cohort of 438 primiparous women was followed during 6 months by means of 8 home interviews, in order to determine the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Individual, family and health service factors were studied; and survival analysis was carried out. Results: At 8 days, only a few more than half of the participants maintained exclusive breastfeeding; at month 6 of follow-up, this proportion was reduced to 1.4%. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding was determined by: initiation of breastfeeding in the first 4 hours after delivery (HR= 4.07, 95% CI: 0.96-16.67), self-perceived sureness for breastfeeding (HR= 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04 -1.58), positive opinion of the baby's father regarding breastfeeding (HR= 1.26, 95% CI: 1.01-1.57), and newborn weight (HR= 1.23, 95% CI: 1.00-1.53). Conclusion: There are factors before delivery and in the immediate puerperium that determine, partially, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding.
RESUMENObjetivo Establecer una línea base de la calidad percibida por usuarios de hospitales objeto de intervención del Programa de reestructuración, rediseño y modernización de redes prestadoras de servicios de salud de Colombia. Método Con instrumento validado para medir Percepción de Calidad Según Usuarios de Servicios de Salud, el PECASUSS, en agosto de 2006 se entrevistaron cara a cara 4 021 usuarios de una muestra de los hospitales del Programa. Resultados Los entrevistados, con media de 38 años, 70 % mujeres, 60 % con afiliación al régimen subsidiado, 55 % de estrato uno y 53 % atendidos en consulta general, valoraron mayoritariamente como bueno o muy bueno el nivel de dieciséis aspectos perceptibles de la calidad de los servicios. En una escala de 0,0 (pésimo) a 5,0 (excelente), calificaron la calidad con una media de 3,98 (DE: 0,8). Conclusiones La calidad percibida por usuarios de los hospitales del Programa fue buena en general. El trato humanizado recibido de los funcionarios asistenciales fue la sub-dimensión de la calidad de la atención mejor valorada por los informantes.Palabras Clave: Percepción, calidad de atención en salud, hospitales (fuente: DeCS, BIREME). ABSTRACTObjective Establishing a quality base-line as perceived by hospital users, subject to intervention by the health-service restructuring, redesign and modernisation programme. Method 4 021 users were interviewed face-to-face in August 2006 from a sample of hospitals from the programme using an instrument already validated for measuring health service users' perception of quality (PECASUSS).
Road traffic incidents epidemiology in Medellin-Colombia, 2010 Epidemiologia de incidentes rodoviários em Medellín-Colômbia, 2010 ResumenIncidentes Viales (iv) trasfieren energía cinética entre superficies inertes y vivas en corredores de movilidad. Causan lesiones fatales y no fatales, con efectos en salud, bienestar y productividad. No dependen del azar o suerte y no son accidentes como Naciones Unidas señaló hace décadas. Objetivo: describir la epidemiología de iv en Medellín 2010-2015, como referente para proponer un Modelo de Gestión en Seguridad Vial -el mogesvi. Metodología: retrospectiva, con diversas fuentes sobre IV y análisis uni o bivariado. Resultados: desde 2010 hay registro creciente, acumulando 275.000 iv a 2015, con media de 45.000/año y 135/día; lo no registrado podría ser 4 veces más. Hubo lesiones en 50% de los iv registrados en Informe Policial de Accidente de tránsito (ipat), con media de 300 muertos/año y unos 3.000 heridos/año; lesionados no registrados pueden ser 10 veces más, 30.000/año. La mayoría de iv afecta pobres, peatones, moteros y ciclistas, principalmente varones de 15-29 años, en zonas residenciales. Conclusiones: liderazgo, Política Pública, Observatorio en Seguridad Vial y Gestión del Plan de Movilidad Segura a 2020 son críticos para reducir riesgo, exposición y frecuencia de IV.----------Palabras clave: epidemiología, accidente de tránsito, mortalidad, grupos vulnerables. AbstractRoad traffic incidents (rti) transfer kinetic energy between inert and living surfaces on roads. They cause fatal and non-fatal injuries, affecting people's health, well-being and productivity. They are not random, and they are not accidents like the United Nations pointed out many decades ago. Objective: the purpose of this study is to describe rtaepidemiology in Medellin from 2010 to 2015 as a referent and propose a road traffic management model-a rtmm. Methodology: this is a retrospective study using different rti sources and a univariate or bivariate analysis. Results: from 2010 to 2015, there was an increasing rti record of 275,000 events, with a mean of 45,000/ year and 135/day, and what has not been recorded could be 4
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