No abstract

The production of bacteriocins by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been of wide interest in the food industry due to their potential application in biopreservation. The production of bacteriocins is usually low in single strain fermentation, but can improve when the bacteriocinogenic strain is cultured in association with another bacteria. The present work aims to evaluate the growth and production of bacteriocins by Pediococcus pentosaceus 147 (bacteriocinogenic strain) in co-culture with Lactobacillus plantarum LE27 (inducer strain) using a culture medium based on cheese whey (CW). Strains were inoculated in co-culture in a CW broth at 7.24 Log CFU/mL of initial concentration of P. pentosaceus 147 and incubated at 37°C. Bacteriocin production was measured after 24 h by the critical dilution method, biomass was measured by plating on MRS agar (1% aniline blue), and a mono-culture was used as a control. The titers of bacteriocins produced by P. pentosaceus 147 in mono-culture were 19,200 AU/mL lower than those obtained in co-culture with Lb. plantarum LE27 at 51,200 AU/mL. The effect of adding the inducer strain at different times of incubation (3, 6, 9, and 12 h) was evaluated, with the addition of the induction factor at the beginning of the incubation of P. pentosaceus 147 generating the highest bacteriocin activity. This study shows the potential of inducing bacteriocinogenesis using co-cultures of strains of the genera Pediococcus and Lactobacillus and using alternative substrates such as cheese whey.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are considered as a good alternative to reduce the risk of food borne diseases in food industry. In addition to the improvement effects on the organoleptic characteristics of fermented foods from the LAB metabolites, they can inhibit the growth of microorganisms responsible of the food spoilage. This work is an advance on the biodiversity exploration of natural additives in food. Isolation, identification and screening of potential antimicrobial activity of LAB were the aims on this work. Species of Lactobacillus (Lb. casei, Lb. brevis, Lb. paracasei, and Lb. plantarum) and Pediococcus acidilactici were identified and their antagonism against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 was demonstrated.

El objetivo del proyecto es determinar las propiedades físico-mecánicas de tres variedades de papa (criolla, pastusa y capiro), necesarias para el diseño y operación de maquinaria para siembra, cosecha, postcosecha y para el adecuado almacenamiento del producto. Se midieron propiedades físicas como: dimensiones axiales, esfericidad, redondez, ángulo de reposo, densidad real, densidad aparente y porosidad. Igualmente se determinaron propiedades mecánicas tales como: resistencia a la compresión, al corte, al punzonamiento y coeficiente de fricción. Se tomaron como factores de variación para cada variedad, el tamaño y el tiempo de toma de las observaciones (cada 15 días durante 90 días), utilizando el método por bloques completamente aleatorios. Los datos fueron sometidos a un análisis estadístico de varianzas, utilizando el método Duncan. Las propiedades físicas variaron de manera similar, de tal manera que la esfericidad y la redondez aumentava a medida que el tamaño disminuye. La porosidad es superior al 48% y el ángulo de reposo es el característico de formas aproximadamente esféricas para las tres variedades analizadas. La principal influencia sobre la variabilidad en las propiedades mecánicas es el cambio en el contenido de humedad; también se detectó una pérdida de turgencia con el paso del tiempo que genera mayor elasticidad en el tubérculo, lo cual le permite soportar mayores cargas. La variedad Criolla presenta una resistencia entre tres y cinco veces mayor al corte, punzonamiento y compresión, con relación a las variedades Capiro y Pastusa.