Aquatic systems in semi-arid Brazil include natural shallow lakes, artificial reservoirs and intermittent streams and rivers. These systems are distinctive features in the semi-arid landscape and comprise a range of associated systems functioning as an ever-changing mosaic of dry/wet patches. Lakes and reservoirs in semi-arid Brazil are subject to important periods of water shortages, whereas rivers and streams are characterized as highly variable and driven by the extremes of water flow and its absence. Within this view a catchment-scale approach must be used to create a holistic model to conceptualize and comprehend these aquatic systems, since the aquatic environment types in the semi-arid region of Brazil incorporate broader aspects within the catchment scale such as geomorphology, vegetation, climate and land use. This paper summarizes some of the information on the aquatic systems of the Brazilian semi-arid region and shows the importance of limnological studies in this region. It also attempts to establish perspectives for future research considering the catchment as a scale for surveying biological processes and limnological characteristics of the various aquatic systems. It is presented information on their overall structure and functioning, as well as characteristics of some biological communities, such as phytoplankton, periphyton, aquatic macrophytes, benthic invertebrates and fish. The importance of the understanding of eutrophication in reservoirs and the role of the dry phase in streams is emphasized, and information on possible actions of planning and management to improve water quality of reservoirs are presented.
ResumoNo presente trabalho, apresentamos os primeiros registros das macroalgas Chara indica e Chara zeylanica para o estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, e para o semiárido nordestino. Exemplares de C. indica e C. zeylanica foram coletados nos reservatórios de Santa Cruz e Umari, respectivamente. Ambos os reservatórios estão localizados na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Apodi-Mossoró (oeste do estado), estando inseridos no bioma Caatinga.Palavras-chave: Bioma Caatinga; Distribuição geográfica; Macroalgas; Ocorrência AbstractFirst record of Chara indica and Chara zeylanica (Charophyceae, Charales, Characeae) in the semiarid reservoirs the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. In the present study we present the first record of the macroalgaes Chara indica and Chara zeylanica for the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and the semiarid northeastern. Specimens of C. indica and C. zeylanica were collected in Santa Cruz and Umari reservoirs, respectively. Both reservoirs are located in the river basin Apodi-Mossoró (Western State) in the Caatinga Biome.
O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar aspectos sociais, econômicos e ambientais da pesca do bivalve Anomalocardia brasiliana em praias do Rio Grande do Norte por marisqueiras vinculadas a uma associação e por aquelas sem vínculo. A pesca do marisco ocorreu durante todo o ano, com maior produção entre os meses de maio e agosto. O tamanho médio do marisco extraído foi de 24,0 mm de comprimento, com comercialização para estabelecimentos comerciais, comerciantes livres e turistas. Entre as marisqueiras associadas foi constatado que 78% dedicam-se até 15 dias a atividade de extração do marisco, enquanto que 75% das não-associadas dedicam mais de 15 dias por mês. 89% das marisqueiras associadas passam mais de 4h/dia na atividade mariscagem, enquanto que as marisqueiras não-associadas permanecem no máximo 4h/dia, sendo que todas as marisqueiras não fazem uso de equipamentos de proteção individuais. Pôde-se concluir que apesar do lucro com a venda do marisco não ser elevado, ele complementa os ganhos com aposentadorias e bolsa família. Apesar das dificuldades, as mulheres consideram que vale a pena continuar com a atividade da pesca do marisco. A organização das marisqueiras em associações é outro aspecto que pode proporcionar melhorias em suas condições socioeconômicas.
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