No abstract

The present work shows the results of the synthesis of multiphasic calcium phosphate whiskers from a mixture of biphasic calcium phosphate (β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP)) in the hydrogen peroxide solution-mediated process carried out in different time ranges. The process was performed at considerably lower temperature than typical hydrothermal methods used for obtaining of whiskers. Test results show that using the above-mentioned procedure triphasic calcium phosphate consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA), (β-TCP) and CPP can be obtained, where the whiskers are formed mainly from hydroxyapatite. It was found that morphology, phase composition and specific surface area of the reaction product can be controlled by changing the reaction time. The obtained triphasic HA/β-TCP/CPP short whiskers may be considered as a promising biocompatible and resorbable reinforcement in composites for bone tissue engineering with a faster resorption rate than that of HA.

In the work the research on properties of an yttria nanopowder obtained by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) in terms of its application in ceramic technology is presented. In order to characterize the SCS reaction the decomposition of yttrium nitrate, glycine and their solution was investigated using differential thermal analysis coupled with FT-IR spectrometry of the gases emitted during the measurements. The product obtained in the SCS process was characterized in terms of its microstructure, particle size distribution and BET specific surface. Although the obtained powders showed nanoscaled structures, only after calcination at a temperature of 1100 °C nanosized particles were revealed. The calcined powder occurred in an agglomerated state (cumulants mean Zave = 1.3 µm). After milling particle size was successfully decreased to Zave = 0.28 µm. The deagglomerated powder was isostatically densified and tested for sintering ability. The obtained nanopowder showed very high sintering activity as the shrinkage onset was detected already at a temperature of about 1150 °C.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) presently under construction at CERN, will contain about 100 tons of helium mostly located in the underground tunnel and in caverns. Potential failure modes of the accelerator, which may be followed by helium discharge to the tunnel, have been identified and the corresponding helium flows calculated. To verify the analytical calculations of helium dispersion in the tunnel, a dedicated test set-up has been built. It represents a section of the LHC tunnel at a scale 1:13 and is equipped with a controllable helium relief system enabling the simulation of different scenarios of the LHC cryogenic system failures. Corresponding patterns of cold helium dispersion in air have been observed and analysed with respect to oxygen deficiency hazard. We report on the test set-up and the measurement results, which have been scaled to real LHC conditions. ABTRACTThe Large Hadron Collider (LHC) presently under construction at CERN, will contain about 100 tons of helium mostly located in the underground tunnel and in caverns. Potential failure modes of the accelerator, which may be followed by helium discharge to the tunnel, have been identified and the corresponding helium flows calculated. To verify the analytical calculations of helium dispersion in the tunnel, a dedicated test set-up has been built. It represents a section of the LHC tunnel at a scale 1:13 and is equipped with a controllable helium relief system enabling the simulation of different scenarios of the LHC cryogenic system failures. Corresponding patterns of cold helium dispersion in air have been observed and analysed with respect to oxygen deficiency hazard. We report on the test set-up and the measurement results, which have been scaled to real LHC conditions.