Nowadays skin cancers have become a major area of concern because of the continuous exposure to sun rays (UV rays). Hence, the present work focused on the synthesis of an innovative 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) microemulsion as a topical delivery system mainly used to treat various forms of skin cancer. The topical administration of most of the active compounds is impaired by limited skin permeability due to the presence of skin barriers. In this sequence, the microemulsion represents a cost-effective and convenient drug carrier system that successfully delivers the drug to and across the skin. Unfortunately, 5-FU reveals high toxicity and low tumor affinity became inefficient for patients with the risk of serious side effects. For decreasing of eluding some of its disadvantages we made it more effective by preparing its microemulsion with tween 80 (surfactant), isopropyl alcohol (co-surfactant), oleic acid (oil) in a four-component system. This study emphasized increasing the drug release by multiple times and a topical gel has been formulated and designs to elongate the drug release. All preparation of 5-FU microemulsion was characterized by physicochemical and drug release studies. The size of the 5-FU microemulsion was 550–600 nm confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Zetasizer. The clear microemulsion was prepared at pH 5–6. It shows viscosity in the limit of 13.52–18.23 Pa s. The outcome of the present work is satisfactory for skin cancer treatment.

Recent progress in combinatorial drug has led to the generation of a large number of new compounds. microemulsions are versatile systems of great technological and scientific interest to the researchers because of their potential to incorporate a wide range of drug molecules (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) due to the presence of both lipophilic and hydrophilic domains. A micro emulsion is a transparent, thermodynamically stable mixture of two immiscible liquid stabilized by surfactant (or mixture of surfactant). Microemulsions have many advantages for instance, more drug solubility, thermodynamic stability, manufacturing and permeation is easy over conventional formulations that convert them to important drug delivery systems. The design and development of microemulsions aimed at controlling or improving required bioavailability levels of therapeutic agents. Through this review an attempt has been made to focus on several recent developments occurred in the field of microemulsions based applications and which confirms its role as a suitable cargoes for delivery of drugs. In that note, the relevance of this paper and the truncated basic aspects and application on microemulsions are discussed.permeation. Interest in these versatile carriers is increasing and their applications have been diversified to various administration routes in addition to the conventional oral route. This can be attributed to their unique solubilization properties and thermodynamic stability which has drawn attention for their use as novel vehicles for drug delivery [5][6][7].Microemulsions have advantages over both colloidal systems under investigation and conventional emulsions, suspensions and micellar solutions and may provide alternative drug carriers [8]. They are promising delivery systems which allow sustained or controlled drug release for percutaneous, peroral, topical, transdermal, ocular and parenteral administration of medicaments. They offer the advantage of spontaneous formation, ease of manufacturing and scale-up, thermodynamic stability, improved drug solubilization of hydrophobic drugs and bioavailability. Also, microemulsions that have inverse micellar structure may be less comedogenic than either creams or solutions [9,10].Microemulsions are quaternary systems composed of an oil phase, a water system, surfactants and a cosurfactant [11]. These spontaneously formed systems possess specific physicochemical properties such as transparency, optical isotropic, low viscosity and thermodynamic stability. The observed transparency of these systems is due to the fact that the maximum size of the droplets of the dispersed phase is not larger than one-fourth of the wavelength of visible light approximately 150 nm. Droplet diameter in stable microemulsions is usually within the range of 10-100 nm (100-1000 °A), which means that the term 'micro emulsion' is misleading and these systems are actually Nano-sized emulsions. Many studies have shown that micro emulsion formulations possessed improved transdermal and dermal delivery p...

No abstract

No abstract

Background The lower abdomen and inner thighs are most likely to become affected by kangri cancer because those areas are exposed to continuous exposure to kangri. Objective In this article, formulation and characterization of a water-in-oil microemulsion of 5-fluorouracil with rutin (R-5FU) for better skin penetration and inhibition of kangri cancer (skin cancer surfactant) is discussed. Method To produce R-5-FU microemulsions, surfactant-cosurfactant was mixed with oil. Distilled water was added dropwise with the help of a burette by gentle stirring at a constant temperature. The surfactant and co-surfactant were mixed into three particular ratios 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. Further characterizations were performed, such as visual inspection and thermodynamic stability including a stress test and centrifugation. In visual inspection included assessment of the colour, homogeneity, and odour of the formulation of FU microemulsion. Result All three microemulsions, labeled RME1, RME2, and RME3, are highly stable. An oval shape of surface morphology of 5-FU was noticed by using a TEM image. The viscosity of RME3 was found to be 17.25±0.22 pa-s. The average globule size was 100–300 nm for all three RME. The results of human cadaver skin permeability are almost of the same pattern, butRME3 indicates the best skin permeability with negligible side effects on the skin. Conclusion The quantity of 5-FU released from all formulations at 3-hr ranged from 95.57% to 83.67%. None of the three formulations resulted in skin irritation, with irritancy score of zero (IS=0). Observation revealed no lysis, hemorrhage, or coagulation after application.