Neurodegenerative disorders are challenging issues for initial diagnosis and cure. False signals from neurons that make up the brain must be corrected. To treat neurodegenerative diseases, neuromorphic devices are inserted into the body and connected to nerves. However, there are major concerns regarding implanting these devices into living bodies, that is, toxicity caused by the materials and the need for an additional operation to remove the device after treatment. In this research, a neuromorphic device is fabricated based on hyaluronic acid (HA), which is biocompatible and biodegradable, that meets the requirements for implantable bioelectronics. The fabricated device have a paired-pulse facilitation index of ≈121.00% and short term-tolong term memory transition behavior that resembled human learning-experience behavior. It is confirmed that the synaptic behavior mechanism of the device is due to an Mg oxide layer formed at the Mg/HA interface. Biodegradability and cell cytotoxicity tests confirmed the suitability of HA-based neuromorphic devices as implantable bioelectronics. Based on the results, it is believed that such implantable devices will lead to better healthcare.

The mechanisms and physiological implications of regulated cell death (RCD) have been extensively studied. Among the regulatory mechanisms of RCD, ubiquitination and deubiquitination enable post-translational regulation of signaling by modulating substrate degradation and signal transduction. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are involved in diverse molecular pathways of RCD. Some DUBs modulate multiple modalities of RCD by regulating various substrates and are powerful regulators of cell fate. However, the therapeutic targeting of DUB is limited, as the physiological consequences of modulating DUBs cannot be predicted. In this review, the mechanisms of DUBs that regulate multiple types of RCD are summarized. This comprehensive summary aims to improve our understanding of the complex DUB/RCD regulatory axis comprising various molecular mechanisms for diverse physiological processes. Additionally, this review will enable the understanding of the advantages of therapeutic targeting of DUBs and developing strategies to overcome the side effects associated with the therapeutic applications of DUB modulators.

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