Background: Acne vulgaris is a common complaint throughout the world, contributing to both morbidity and healthcare costs. Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is also a world heath problem, and recent evidence suggests that two conditions may be related. However, there is insignificant evidence to support a casual association of HP infection and acne vulgaris. Aim: To determine the frequency of helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris Study design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Settings and duration: Dermatology Department, Liaquat University of medical and health Sciences (LUMHS), Civil Hospital, Hyderabad from 22nd August 2017 to 21st February 2018 Methods: A total of 135 patients, 13 to 30 years of age of both genders with acne vulgaris were included in this study. Patients with H Pylori infection positive without acne vulgaris, family history helicobacter pylori infection, chronic smoker or alcoholics were excluded. Patients were subjected to relevant investigations i.e. HP antibody titer, for that blood sample of each patient was sent to institutional pathology laboratory for measuring of serum levels of anti H. Pylori IgG antibodies where each report was prepared by consultant pathologist. Results: Mean age was 23.33 ± 4.14 years. Out of these 135 patients, 48 (35.56%) were females and 87 (64.44%) were males with female to male ratio of 1:1.8. Frequency of helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris was seen in 107 (79.26%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris is very high and these patients should be screened for helicobacter pylori infection Keywords: Acne, helicobacter pylori, association

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with proliferative dermatological and systemic manifestations involving multiple organs. Its etiology and pathogenesis is closely related with genetic and environmental factors. The current study was designed to assess the relationship of age at the diagnosis of psoriasis and its impact on their quality of life. The findings thus obtained might help to take appropriate therapeutic and psychological measures together with patients’ counselling to minimize any adverse consequences. Aim: To determine the age of diagnosis of psoriasis and its impact on the quality of life with age quartiles in psoriasis patients. Setting: This cross sectional study was carried out in Dermatology out patients department (OPD) affiliated with Liaquat University Hospital (LUH), Hyderabad from December 2019 to June 2020. Methodology: Total 141 diagnosed cases of psoriasis vulgaris were included in the study. The final data in the form of DLQI SCORE, PASI SCORE in each quartile of age of all patients was collected and findings were noted down in the predesigned proforma. Results: The average age of the patients included in the study was 37.53±12.12 years. There were 103 (73%) males and 38 females (27%) who consented to be the part of the study. Quality of life among 17 (12.06%) patients had little impact, 42 (29.79%) had moderate effect, 77 (54.61%) patients had severe effect and 5 (3.55%) had extreme effect. There is significant effect with respect to age quartiles at diagnosis of psoriasis (p=0.005). Significant effect on quality of life was observed in 1st and 2nd quartile while moderate effect appeared to impact the patients in 3rd quartile of age. Conclusion: Psoriasis is more than just a skin disorder and has a very large effect on patients’ quality of life with noticeable effects having potential to impact their personalities, daily routine activities and even relationships with people around them. Depending upon the severity of the disorder, it could affect quality of life without any discrimination of age, gender, duration and married life of patients. The more it is on the exposed parts, the more it affects their quality of life. Keywords: Psoriasis, Quality of life, DLQI score, PASI score.

Background: Warts are the hard, hyperkeratotic benign growths over the skin caused by human papilloma virus. It is one of the common skin conditions presented to the outpatient department. Various treatment options are available with variable success but sometimes it is resistant to treatment due to its depth in the dermis and relapsing nature. Aim: To compare clinical efficacy of 0.1% intralesional bleomycin solution and 0.05% intralesionalbleomycin solution in the patients with warts. Study settings & design: Experimental, Dermatology, LUMHS Jamshoro Duration: 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018 Methods: 90 patients with persistent common warts were enrolled. Patients were examined and number of warts located on right and left hand, feet and leg of each patient were categorized in two groups as right sided group and left sided group respectively. The two concentrations of bleomycin were randomly adminitered to either right sided and left sided warts which are called, the lesion A in which 0.1% IL bleomycin solution was injected and the lesion B in which 0.05% IL bleomycin solution was injected respectively. The Response of the both therapies was assessed by measuring the size of warty lesions on 6thweek. Then patient was advised to report at the end of 14th week to observe any recurrence in the treated lesions and to assess the final clinical efficacy. Results: - Mean age of patients was 25.36 ± 6.09 years. There were 50(55.56%) male and 40(44.44%) females. Clinical efficacy as per operational definition i.e. Complete disappeared or >50% regression in size of warts with no recurrence was significantly high in lesion A than lesion B [93.3% vs. 68.9%; p=0.0005]. Regarding number of warts in patients, 86.1% of the warts were cured in lesion A while 64.9% were cure in lesion B. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: - Our results support that 0.1% IL Bleomycin is more effective in the treatment of viral warts as compared to 0.05% bleomycin. Keywords: Common Warts, Intralesional, Bleomycin treatment

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is type of inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. There are multiple patterns of joint involvement in patients with psoriasis Aim: To determine the frequency of arthritis and its different types in patients of psoriasis presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore Methods: This cross Sectional study was conducted in Dermatology Department of Services Hospital, Lahore from 11th April, 2017 to 10th October, 2017. Two hundred and sixty patients having psoriasis were enrolled in the study, Patients’ detailed history about psoriasis, duration of psoriasis and joint pain or stiffness was taken. After written and informed consent Physical examination was done to determine the type of psoriasis and nail involvement. All the joints were examined for tenderness and deformities to assess the evidence of arthritis and its different types according to the site of involved joints. Results: Total numbers of patients included in the study was 260; in which 176 (67.7%) patients were males and 84 (32.3%) were females with the total mean age of 38 ±13.22 years. Out of 260 patients, 62(23.8%) patients had psoriatic arthritis (PsA), Out of these 62 patients having PsA, 23(37.1%) patients had Oligoarthritis, followed by Symmetric arthritis 19(30.6%) patients, Distal interphalangeal arthritis (DIP) in 15 (24.2 %). Conclusion: Our study concluded that almost one fourth of psoriasis patients had arthritis, asymmetrical oligoarthritis/monoarthritis came out to be the most common type in our study followed by symmetric polyarthritis, distal interphalangeal arthritis (DIP), Arthritis mutilans and axial arthritis Keywords: Psoriasis, types of psoriasis, arthritis, psoriatic arthropathy

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder, multisystemic in nature more common in females of childbearing age. There are certain risk factors which predispose to this disease. It affects various organs, kidney is among them. Almost 60% patients having SLE ultimately leads to kidney dysfunction at some stage of the life. Aim: To find out pattern of histopathological findings of lupus nephritis as per WHO classification on kidney biopsy in Pakistan. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was completed in department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, from March 2016 to May, 2018. Total sample size was 165 patients. Only patients who fulfilled the 2012 SLICC (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics) criteria were included in the study. SPSS version 25.0 was used data analysis. Results: Age of the patients was between 31-50 years i.e. 114(69.09%), mean and SD was 43.96±4.84 years, females were more commonly affected by calculating 99(59.70%). Patterns of lupus nephritis as per WHO classification and renal biopsy were noted which shows 18(10.91%) had Class I, 53(32.12%) Class II, 43(26.07%) Class III, 35(21.20%) Class IV, 10(6.06%) Class V and 6(3.64%) had Class VI. Conclusion: Class II and Class III Lupus Nephritis are the most common modalities found in patients of SLE. Every patient with Lupus Nephritis should undergo a Renal Biopsy for correct diagnosis of the class of this disease and further management accordingly. Keywords: Lupus Nephritis, SLE, renal biopsy