Clinicians should be aware of an increased incidence of minor airway injuries that may impair patient satisfaction when using a double-lumen tube instead of an endobronchial blocker for one-lung ventilation.

These results suggest a complex modulation of the cytokine response by the studied anesthetics in cultured whole blood. Although effects on spontaneous cytokine release by leukocytes were negligible, some anesthetics affected their ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide.

Liver perfusion was increased with thoracic but not lumbar EAA after major abdominal surgery in most patients. PDR(ICG) allows assessment of individual changes of liver blood flow due to therapeutic intervention, for example, EAA.

These results indicate a modulation of the expression density of CD14 on monocytes, together with a shift from a balanced to an inflammatory cytokine release pattern, by cefuroxime and cefotaxime. Vancomycin changes the response to an anti-inflammatory release pattern. After ciprofloxacin, a profound unresponsiveness of immune-competent cells to LPS stimulation is observed. Because of the critical role of a balanced innate immune response, these data may be of importance for the selection of antibiotics in septic patients.

Ion mobility spectrometry coupled to a multicapillary column (MCC/IMS) was used in anesthesia to detect signals related to Propofol in the breath directly. First time both positive and negative ions were investigated. It was found, that the detection limit in the negative mode is lower as in the positive one. Results of experiments with and without a bolus of Propofol were discussed with respect to kinetic models.