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Nests of granulocytic tumor cells in patients who have myelogenous leukemia are termed chloromas. Eight cases of chloroma seen on CT were reviewed. Lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissues, peritoneum, pleural space, pelvis, and portal hepatis were involved. Two patients exhibited chloroma as the sole manifestation of their disease during bone marrow remission. The extracranial appearance of chloroma on CT is that of small, nonenhancing, nodular densities that resemble lymphoma. Cranial involvement is characteristically in the orbit. The central nervous system appearance is variable, however, and high attenuation masses may occur that mimic lymphoma, hematoma, and metastatic neuroblastoma. The recognition of these lesions is important, since radiation, not chemotherapy, is often the preferred treatment for localized chloroma.

Idiopathic pulmonary ossification is an uncommon and asymptomatic disorder of unknown etiology in which trabeculated bone is found in the lung. It is usually mistaken for more serious entities radiographically, most commonly appearing as branching linear shadows of calcific density involving a limited area of the lung and exhibiting very slow progression; however, the shadows may be round or irregular and bulky. Sometimes the trabeculae are recognizable, and occasionally the lungs demonstrate widespread involvement. The authors describe 8 proven cases, including one in which a bone scan revealed uptake by heterotopic bone in the lung.