We have developed a manufacturing friendly process for CIS solar cells that includes all-solid-state processing and an inert gas, atmospheric pressure selenization/anneal. Present efficiencies are in the 9 -10% range with V, 's at 400 + mV. Correlations between processing and performance have been established. Recent V, 's have been advanced to 430 mV using an etching process. These results combined with insights provided by a recombination model indicate that V, 's in excess of 500 mV are within reach.

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