5 cases of brain tumor in newborn babies under 2 months are presented. 4 of them were supratentorial teratoma and originated from the midline, and 1 was a glioma at the cerebellopontine angle. 2 cases died before surgery and 2 cases after surgery. In our 5th case a benign teratoma of 150 g was removed from the third ventricle. He was discharged and enjoyed rather good health for 2 years and 1 month before dying of recurrence of tumor. Internal hydrocephalus associated with the huge tumor was responsible for the sudden deterioration of general condition. Therefore, shunting procedures should be performed as the first aid. However, in our experiences, the conditions at admission were too critical and/or too late to be beneficial. Thus, early diagnosis is absolutely necessary for surgical treatment. A summary and discussion of the data of 103 previously reported cases are included.

Two cases of persistent hypoglossal artery associated with aneurysm are presented. In one case the aneurysm arose from the anterior communicating artery and in the other from the persistent hypoglossal artery itself. Both aneurysms were treated successfully with direct surgery.

Among 1,000 cases of patients undergoing direct surgery on cerebral aneurysms, two, showed clear signs of preoperative, and 19 cases showed postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding. We have made a clinical analysis of various aspects of the 19 cases in which the bleeding developed postoperatively. 1. Gastrointestinal bleeding was most frequent postoperatively in cases of AComA aneurysms (4.3%) and ICA aneurysms (2.0%), and less common in MCA and ACA aneurysm cases. 2. Gastrointestinal bleeding was most frequently seen in those cases operated on between the third and seventh days after the last subarachnoid haemorrhage (8.9%) and was more common in cases with a relatively poor preoperative grade. 3. The development of such bleeding in cases with a good preoperative grade was due to problems with the surgical operation in most cases, although the influence of vasospasm must not be ignored. The development of bleeding in cases with a poor preoperative grade is thought to be due primarily to vasospasm and transitory brain damage to the hypothalamus and the orbital portion of the anterior lobe due to a haematoma caused by aneurysm rupture. 4. First, the location of gastrointestinal bleeding should be determined endoscopically and, if haemostasis is not achieved by coagulation, then the desirability of surgery should be considered early. Abdominal surgery may be performed.

Dental identification is a useful scientific method. In Japan, however, there are only a few forensic odontologists; moreover, until now, forensic dental services have only been offered by general dentists. These dentists may not be able to offer such forensic services during office time. For a quick comparison, the authors tried sending digital photos, taken with a 2-million-pixel digital camera, to dental offices via the Internet. If a dental office has Internet access, it is possible for dental charting to be sent directly to the autopsy room. Of course, digital images only provide the first outline. However, when antemortem dental records of the person in question are available at autopsy, a quick comparison can be made.