Copper is in a passive state in a potential range of 50 mVH to about 300 mVH in contact with an aqueous electrolyte at neutral pH caused by the formation of a thin tarnishing layer consisting of copper(I)‐corrosion products. This layer inhibits more the anodic than the cathodic partial reaction of the corrosion process. The steep threshold in the transpassive range leads to the oxidation of copper and the formation of secondarily formed reaction layers.
In sulphate containing electrolytes voluminous reaction layers of crystalline non‐protective copper(I)‐oxide are formed. The manifestation of corrosion is general attack. In chloride containing electrolytes a two‐fold reaction layer is formed, copper(I)‐chloride underneath copper(I)‐oxide. This amorphous copper(I)‐oxide is formed via hydrolysis of copper(I)‐chloride and inhibits anodic metal dissolution. The only observed manifestation of corrosion is repassivating pitting.
Microbial influenced corrosion (MIC) occurred in copper drinking water installations of a water distribution area in Germany in a number of mainly institutional buildings. The extent of the manifestations of corrosion typical for this process differed considerably although the operating time of the affected installations was comparable. This difference must have been caused mainly by operating conditions and design parameters since the composition of the potable water and the quality of the copper tubes did not vary. This question has been investigated by setting up two test rigs operating at ambient temperature in an institutional building whose copper installation was severely affected by MIC. The corrosion process was successfully simulated in these test rigs.Corroded copper samples were taken from different house installations in this water distribution area and from the test rigs. The copper pipes of the different sources were inspected with respect to different operating conditions and design parameters. The obtained results cover the spectrum of the extent of the manifestations typical for this MIC process. Besides an induction period, a seasonal influence was evaluated for one institutional building.In einem Wasserverteilungsgebiet in Deutschland wurde mikrobiologisch beeinflul3te Korrosion (MIC) in den Kupfer-Trinkwasserinstallationen einer Anzahl hauptsachlich groljer, offentlicher Gebaude nachgewiesen. Das AusmaB der fur diesen Korrosionsprozelj typischen Erscheinungsformen variierte betrachtlich, obwohl die Betriebsdauer der Installationen in den betroffenen Gebauden vergleichbar war. Dieser Unterschied sollte im wesentlichen auf Betriebsbedingungen und Installationsdesign zuruckzufuhren sein, da die Zusammensetzung des Trinkwassers und die Qualitat der Kupferrohre konstante GroRen waren. Diese Frage wurde mit Hilfe zweier Versuchsstande untersucht, die in dem durch MIC am schwersten beeintrachtigten Gebaude aufgebaut wurden. In diesen Versuchsstanden konnte der KorrosionsprozeB in den Kaltwasserbereichen erfolgreich nachgestellt werden.Von diesen Versuchsstanden und betroffenen Hausinstallationen wurden eine Vielzahl korrodierter Kupferrohrproben entnommen. Diese Proben wurden im Hinblick auf die verschiedenen Betriebsbedingungen und Designparameter der Installationen evaluiert. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse decken das Spektrum des AusmaRes der fur diesen MIC-ProzeR typischen Erscheinungsformen ab. Neben einer Induktionsperiode konnte fur ein betroffenes Gebaude ein saisonaler EinfluR nachgewiesen werden.
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