A scintillating bolometer based on a large cubic Li 2 100 MoO 4 crystal (45 mm side) and a Ge wafer (scintillation detector) has been operated in the CROSS cryogenic facility at the Canfranc underground laboratory in Spain. The dual-readout detector is a prototype of the technology that will be used in the next-generation 0 2 experiment CUPID. The measurements were performed at 18 and 12 mK temperature in a pulse tube dilution refrigerator. This setup utilizes the same technology as the CUORE cryostat that will host CUPID and so represents an accurate estimation of the expected performance. The Li 2 100 MoO 4 bolometer shows a high energy resolution of 6 keV FWHM at the 2615 keV line. The detection of scintillation light for each event triggered by the Li 2 100 MoO 4 bolometer allowed for a full separation (∼8) between () and events above 2 MeV. The Li 2 100 MoO 4 crystal also shows a high internal radiopurity with 228 Th and 226 Ra activities of less than 3 and 8 Bq/kg, respectively. Taking also into account the advantage of a more compact and massive detector array, which can be made of cubic-shaped crystals (compared to the cylindrical ones), this test demonstrates the great potential of cubic Li 2 100 MoO 4 scintillating bolometers for high-sensitivity searches for the 100 Mo 0 2 decay in CROSS and CUPID projects.
A new reliable cellular automaon (CA) model designed to account for stochasticity in traffic flow induced by heterogeneity in driving behavior is presented. The proposed model differs from most existing CA models in that this new model focuses on describing traffic phenomena by coding into its rules the key idea that a vehicle’s moving state is directly determined by a driver stepping on the accelerator or on the brake (the vehicle’s acceleration). Acceleration obeys a deformed continuous distribution function when considering the heterogeneity in driving behavior and the safe distance, rather than equaling a fixed acceleration value with a probability, as is the rule in many existing CA models. Simulation results show that the new proposed model is capable of reproducing empirical findings in real traffic system. Moreover, this new model makes it possible to implement in-depth analysis of correlations between a vehicle’s state parameters.
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