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BACKGROUND፡ Abnormal blood glucose level is one of the most frequently encountered problems in children with severe illnesses. However, its magnitude and outcome have rarely been determined in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the magnitude, associated factors and outcome of dysglycemia in critically ill children admitted to Jimma Medical Center.METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study was conducted on children aged 28 days to 14 years admitted with critical illnesses at the different units of the Department of Pediatrics and Child Health of Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, from June to August 2019. Data were collected by trained medical personnel using structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) windows version 20.0. Dysglycemia was considered whenever the child had a random blood sugar >150mg/dl or <45mg/dl.RESULT: Dysglycemia was seen at admission in 139/481, 28.9% children; 24 (5.0%) had hypoglycemia whereas 115 (23.9%) had hyperglycemia. The factors associated with dysglycemia at admission were severe acute malnutrition (p=002, AOR=3.09, CI=1.18,7.77), impaired mental status (p=0.003, AOR=4.63, CI=1.68, 12.71), place of residence (p=0.01, AOR=1.85, CI=1.15-2.96) and presence of diarrhea on date of admission. Among the children who had dysglycemia at admission, 16/139, 11.5% died.CONCLUSION: Dysglycemia is a common problem in critically ill children in the setting. Blood glucose level should be determined for all critically ill children, and routine empirical administration of dextrose should be minimized since most of the children with dysglycemia had hyperglycemia than hypoglycemia.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced access to and utilization of essential health services, including sexual and reproductive health services. The indirect supply-side and demand-side effects of the coronavirus pandemic has shown moderate service reduction scenarios can lead to a large number of additional maternal deaths Objective: Determine the pooled proportion and contributing factors of sexual and reproductive health care in Ethiopia during the COVID-19 pandemic was the primary goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-2020) statement guided the conduct of this systematic review and meta-analysis. Electronic databases like SCOPUS, EMBASE, PubMed, and Science Direct were used to search for the papers. Studies were searched utilizing additional data sources such as Google scholar's advanced search and Google. The COVID 19 period and the latest search dates of June 6, 2022 were used for the primary research. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 and Q-statistics. Wherever possible subgroup analysis was planned by study setting, and overall risk of bias (study quality). To test the small study effect; funnel plot and egger's test were applied in the Meta-analysis Result: A total of six studies with 3848 participants included in this Meta-analysis. the pooled proportion of sexual and reproductive health service utilization reported by 6 studies was 32% (95%CI (18,46%)). In the sub group analysis, the pooled proportion of SRH service utilization for study done at the community level was 26% (95% CI:6-46%) and 38% (95% CI: 26-50%) among institutional based studies. Participants age 20-24 (OR=2.4 95% CI:1.07-5.3) Participate in youth club (OR=2.74; 95% CI:10.07-6.99), Ever had sexual partner (OR=1.65; 95% CI:1.11-2.45), Participated in peer-to-peer education (OR=1.71; 95% CI:1.12-2.62), and having pocket money (OR=2.5;3 95% CI:1.03-6.19) where variables had positively associated with sexual and reproductive health service utilization. Conclusion: The pooled SRH service utilization in Ethiopia during COVID 19 was decreased compared to SRH service utilization before the pandemic. Participants age 20-24, Participate in youth, ever had sexual partner, participated in peer-to-peer education, and having pocket money where variables had positively associated with sexual and reproductive health service utilization.

BACKGROUND፡ Congenital pulmonary airway malformation is a very rare congenital cystic lung disease that presents in 0.004% of all pregnancies and constitutes <25% of all congenital pulmonary anomalies in children. Respiratory distress is a major concern in these patients.CASE DETAILS: Here in, we report an 8 month old girl presenting with exacerbation of fast breathing of three days duration. Chest X-ray showed hyper lucent right lung with significant shift of mediastinum to the left side, flattening of the diaphragm on the right side and compression of the left lung. Computed tomography scan of the chest revealed multiseptated cystic mass on the right lung measuring 8.9cm by 6.9cm. After receiving treatment for pneumonia, surgical excision of the mass was performed and biopsy showed congenital pulmonary airway malformation type1. The infant died on 40th postoperative dayfrom uncontrolled hospital acquired infection.CONCLUSION: When a child has respiratory distress, congenital pulmonary airway malformation could be considered after common pathologies are ruled out. Surgical excision, which is the treatment of choice, is recommended to make a definite diagnosis and exclude hidden malignancies.