Limbah hasil perkebunan seperti nanas dapat menghasilkan limbah khususnya pada bagian kulit. Limbah ini dapat memiliki dampak terhadap pencemaran lingkungan. Teknologi anaerobic digestion merupakan salah upaya untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut dengan memanfaatkan limbah untuk menghasilkan biogas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi campuran kotoran sapi dan kulit nanas dengan anaerobic digestion untuk menghasilkan biogas. Volume digester yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebesar 20 L dengan variasi SN1 (kotoran sapi 50%: kulit nanas 50%), SN2 (kotoran sapi 70%: kulit nanas 30%), dan SN3 (kotoran sapi 30%: kulit nanas 70%) dengan rasio pengenceran air 1:3. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan rata – rata temperatur biogas SN1 30,4 °C, SN2 29.9 °C dan SN3 31,8 °C. Tekanan yang dihasilkan SN1 0,38 bar, SN2 0,93 bar, dan SN3 1,86 bar. Massa SN1 2,9 g, SN2 7,3 g dan SN3 17,4 g. Selanjutnya hasil produksi biogas ini diuji dengan rice cooker biogas, dan dibutuhkan waktu memasak nasi selama 14 menit 35 detik. Campuran dari kotoran sapi dan kulit nanas ini berpotensi untuk menghasilkan biogas.
Biogas decomposes organic waste by bacteria through an anaerobic fermentation process that produces manageable methane gas. The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature, pressure, mass and flame duration of biogas produced from a mixture of cow dung and tofu waste liquid waste using a batch type digester. The digester uses a volume capacity of 30 liters with a volume of stuffing raw material as much as of the volume of the digester. This study uses three variations of the volume ratio of the mixture of cow dung and tofu waste liquid waste, namely S1 (50%: 50%), S2 (70%: 30%), and S3 (90%: 10%) with the addition of 2.5 liters of water for each variation. Data collection was carried out for 30 days at 11.00 WITA and 17.00 WITA. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the mixed variation of 50%: 50% is the best variation compared to the variations of 70%: 30%, and 90%: 10%. The results of the daily average environmental temperature variation of the S1 mixture are 30.19°C, and the average substrate temperature are 27.06°C. The average daily yield of biogas pressure are 0.039 bar with a total mass of biogas are 57.8 grams. Based on the measurement results of biogas flame duration comparasion with LPG on the total mass of biogas with the variation of the S1 mixture, it is obtained that biogas flame duration are 4.38 minutes while the combustion of LPG gas with the same total mass are 49 seconds.
Proses permesinan khusunya mesin bubut konvensional merupakan proses permesinan yang banyak digunakan di dunia Pendidikan maupun di Industri saat ini. Dalam mengerjakan suatu proses permesinan tentunya benda kerja yang dihasilkan juga harus sesuai dengan standar, dengan penambahan media pendingin yang tepat dapat mempengaruhi nilai kekasaran permukaan benda kerja. Setiap benda kerja yang dikerjakan tentunya memiliki properties atau sifat yang berbeda di setiap material seperti halnya ST41 biasanya material ini sering digunakan pada pipa saluran, bodi mobil bahkan handle rem sepeda motor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai kekasaran permukaan dari pengaruh jenis media pendingin (coolant, oli, air, udara bertekanan, dan tanpa media pendingin) hasil proses permesinan, dan mengetahu jenis pendingin yang tepat agar menghasilkan kekasran permukaan yang rendah pada material ST41, menggunakan mesin bubut konvensional dan alat ukur kekasaran surface roughness tester Mutitoyo SJ-310. Didapatkan nilai kekasaran terendah pada penggunaan jenis media pendingin coolant sebesar 0.694 μm, dibandingkan penggunaan oli 0.805 μm, udara bertekanan 1.178 μm, tanpa media pendingin 1.255 μm, dan yang paling tinggi atau kasar adalah penggunaan jenis pendingin air 1.789 μm. Karena coolant mampu melumasi, mendinginkan benda kerja dengan baik dan memberikan perlindungan korosi. Hasil uji ANOVA dua jalur menunjukan bahwa perlakuan jenis media pendingin berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap nilai kekasaran permukaan benda kerja ST41 pada proses permesinan. Sehingga coolant merupakan jenis pendingin yang tepat untuk menghasilkan nilai kekasran yang rendah pada material ST41.
Company X is a power plant that supplies Balikpapan city electricity. In order to maintain the availability of electricity, regular maintenance is carried out, predictive, preventive and corrective maintenance in company X. The maintenance scheme of each component is based on the level of risk and priority scale. In this study, the determination of the level of risk and priority scale for each component uses Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (FMEA). The subject of the research was the W20V320 engine type diesel fuel component in the X power plant in Balikpapan City. Maintenance data for 2 years, 2017 and 2018, with 420 failure modes from 67 components used as research data. Engines are grouped into 12 systems and each system has a RPN (Risk Priority Number) value. In the RPN the Severity, Occurance, and Detection values are arranged based on company X's condition at the time the report is written. The highest RPN value is found in the Radiator Motor Fan component in the Radiator system and the LO Separator component in the Lube Oil Supply System which is 144. Components with an RPN value> 40 receive predictive and preventive maintenance services, while components with an RPN value <20 get corrective maentenance services.
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