Postharvest diseases cause a great reduction in the quantity and quality of fruits yield. Treatment of tomato fruits with salicylic acid (SA) and Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) elicitors enhanced the resistance to fruit rot caused by Alternaria solani. Moreover, the treatment decreased the development of post-harvesting fruit rot disease. The treatment with either SA or H 2 O 2 individually or in combination on tomato shoots (in farm) decreased the diameter of fruit rotted area, decreased the PG activity, significantly increased PAL, PPO, POD enzyme activities and increased PR2 and PR3 genes expression after fruit harvesting. On the other hand, treatment by elicitors after harvesting decreased both diameter of rotten area and decreased PG activity but increased the activity of the PAL, PPO, POD enzymes. Also, the gene expression of PR2 and PR3 genes were high in compared to treatment by elicitors before fruits harvesting. The same observation was obtained by the combination of SA and H 2 O 2, diameter rotten area was decreased and the PG as well. Significant incensement in the activity of enzymes PAL, PPO, POD, this combined with high expression of both PR2 and PR3 genes.

Response of three varieties of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) namely: Hunny, Brandies and Prawel, to callus induction, embryogenic production, and in vitro salt tolerance were studied. In addition electrophoretic patterns of proteins and peroxidase isozyme patterns were studied to evaluate the response the obtaining calli of sweet sorghum to salt treatments with different concentrations of NaCl. The results obtained showed differential effect among the tested varieties. Brandies variety showed high response for callus induction, callus weight and salt tolerance comparing with other varieties. The present results might be useful in evaluative purposes in breeding program.

Field experiments were conducted at El-Tina Plain, North Sinai governorate, Egypt, in growing seasons of 2012, 2013 and 2014 to evaluate of design criteria of permanent sprinkler irrigation "PS" under marginal conditions using impact sprinklers with different nozzle diameter and different operating pressure. The other purpose is the response of forage millet yield to seasonal applied water depth and to maximizing the water productivity.Christiansen uniformity coefficient values by different range levels "CUc", irrigation water use efficiency "IWUE", water lost by percolation "DP" and irrigation adequacy "pa" was estimated through field experiments. The randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Experimental treatments consisted of five different sprinkler irrigation uniformity range levels: "CUc1" (90-95%), "CUc2" (80-85%),"CUc3" (70-75%), "CUc4" (60-65%) and "CUc5" (50-55%).The obtained results showed that the maximum value of irrigation adequacy was 69% for CUc1 treatment, while its minimum value (38.8%) was obtained for CUc5 treatment. By increasing irrigation uniformity coefficient, the irrigation adequacy increased, while the water losses decreased. The maximum value of water losses "Dp" was 26.15% for CUc5 treatment, while the minimum value was 7% for CUc1 treatment. By decreasing the irrigation uniformity coefficient "CUc" the high losses of irrigation water "Dp" was caused. Forage millet yield depends on both the application depth of water and the sprinkler irrigation performance, but it is more sensitive to the differences in applied water depth than to the differences in sprinkler irrigation uniformity. Therefore, the good uniformity of the irrigation system under marginal conditions does not mean high forage yield. The methodology of this study could have useful applications in design optimization, management and promotion of permanent sprinkler irrigation system and in deficit irrigation planning under marginal conditions, such as El-Tina Plain.