Objectives Falls are a major health problem and a leading cause of injury-related death and disabilities in the elderly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey fall prevalence and its related factors among the elderly in Bojnurd. Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was performed on 288 elderly residents in Bojnurd in 2015. By strata sampling, the elderly people were included in the study according to their population in each stratum by randomization. Data was collected by a self-made checklist that included demographic characteristics, history of falls in the last six months, and programs prevent of falls at habitat. Data were analyzed by independent-t and chi-square tests using SPSS 20 software. Results The fall prevalence rate in elderly people was 30%. In total, 54.2% of samples were men and 45.8% were women, and the mean age was 70.42±8.56 years. Around 55.1% falls occurred in home or elderly care center. In this study, there was a significant correlation between fall prevalence and age over 60 years (P=0.01), consumption of hypnotic and sedative drugs (P=0.03), back pain (P=0.008), arthritis (P=0.03), problems with walking (P<0.001), problems with sitting and standing (P=0.009), hearing problems (P=0.02), environmental factors at home such as status stairs and railings (P<0.001), status cover the floors (p<0

Aim This study aimed to investigate the effects of competency‐based education on the clinical performance of health care providers. Background Having in mind the importance of developing an intervention to enhance the clinical performance of health care providers, the researchers carried out the present study to investigate the effect of competency‐based education on the clinical performance of health care providers. Methods This was a systematic review and meta‐analysis carried out by searching six international electronic databases including PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus and Google Scholar, as well as two national electronic databases including IranMedex and SID. The studies relevant to the research aims were included in the study. To assess the quality of the studies, the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool was used. Results Based on the random effects model, competency‐based education could enhance the clinical performance of the health care providers in the intervention group compared with that of the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −2.717, 95% CI: −3.722 to −1.712). However, more recent studies have shown that competency‐based education has little effect on clinical performance (β = −.255, 95% CI: −0.319 to −0.192, P < .001). Conclusion Competency‐based education can enhance the clinical performance of health care providers. However, there is increasing concern over the attenuation of the positive effect of competency‐based education on the clinical performance of health care providers, which deserves further studies.

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