RESUMOAraucaria angustifolia é uma espécie de importância ecológica e socioeconômica na região Sul do Brasil, porém, em risco de extinção. Sua semente é classificada como recalcitrante, necessitando armazenamento sob temperatura e umidade relativa controladas para maior longevidade. Outro aspecto refere-se à qualidade sanitária das sementes, a qual é prejudicada pelo elevado teor de água que causa a proliferação de fungos, os quais podem reduzir a germinação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de araucária desinfestadas com solução de hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO) a 0,5; 1 e 3 % e submetidas a diferentes períodos de armazenamento (2, 4, 6, 8 e 12 meses). A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada pelos testes de germinação, vigor e sanidade. A desinfestação das sementes, independentemente da concentração utilizada, retardou temporariamente a germinação das mesmas, porém, não afetou negativamente a emergência das plântulas. Após 12 meses de armazenamento, verificou-se a infecção das sementes por Schizophyllum commune, o que causou a redução da germinação. As sementes tratadas com NaClO apresentaram menor incidência de fungos, especialmente Schizophyllum commune, garantindo a qualidade sanitária das mesmas durante o armazenamento por 12 meses. O tratamento com NaClO favorece positivamente a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de araucária que serão armazenadas por período superior a 4 meses. Palavras-chave: Araucaria angustifolia; germinação; vigor; patologia de sementes. ABSTRACTAraucaria angustifolia is a species of ecological and social-economic importance in the southern Brazil region, but it is at risk of extinction. Its seeds are classified as recalcitrant, requiring storage under controlled temperature and humidity to obtain greater longevity. Another aspect is the seed health quality, which is impaired by high seed moisture content that causes fungus proliferation and may reduce germination and seedling quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of araucaria seeds treated with 0.5, 1 and 3 % of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and stored at different periods (2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 months). The seed quality was evaluated by germination, vigor and seed health tests. The disinfection of seeds, regardless of the concentration used, temporarily delayed the seed germinations, but did not negatively affect seedling emergence. After 12 months of storage, the seeds showed infection by Schizophyllum commune, which caused the reduction of the germination. The seeds treated with NaClO showed lower fungal incidence, especially Schizophyllum commune, ensuring the seed health quality during storage for 12 months. The treatment with NaClO positively favors the physiological quality of Araucaria seeds that will be stored for a period exceeding four months.

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are extremely important because it is included daily in the diet of themajority of the Brazilian population. Several factors negatively affect the productivity of this crop, especially diseases.One of the main ones is anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), which can cause total production damage and depreciation of the final product. The study and development of new strategies for integrated anthracnose management can reduce the cost of production and consequently reduce environmental impacts. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of Trichoderma fungi in in vitro tests (antagonism, production of volatile and non-volatile compounds) for control of C. lindemuthianum and to evaluate the efficiency of endophytic fungi, salicylic acid, copper phosphite, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and fungicide for anthracnose control in greenhouse bean plants. Anthracnose was controlled in bean plants with the use of alternative products. The endophytic fungi Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma tomentosum inhibited C. lindemuthianum mycelial growth in the three in vitro tests. In greenhouse, T. viride, T. tomentosum, salicylic acid, ASM and fungicide were effective, but copper phosphite was not efficient in controlling anthracnose.

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are one of the most important crops in human food, but the occurrence of disease can greatly reduce their productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of biotic and abiotic products to control angular spot (Pseudocercosporagriseola) in bean crop. Hight Roots ® treatments; V6 ® ; Wert Plus ® , potassium phosphite; manganese phosphite; Copper phosphite, manganese, fungicide (fentin hydroxide), Ascophyllum nodosum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis, acibenzolar-S-methylic (ASM) and Trichoderma asperallum were used in greenhouse and field experiments with IPR Uirapuru cultivar. Biotic to abiotic products controlled angular leaf spot in bean plants. In greenhouse, the lowest values of Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) were obtained with fungicide application, A. nodosum, T. asperellum and copper phosphite, B. subtillis, acibenzolar-S-methyl, potassium phosphite, Hight Roots ® , V6 ® and Wert Plus ® . In field, in the first sowing season the treatments with fungicide, A. nodosum, B. thuringiensis and manganese resulted in lower AUDPC in relation to the other products. In the second sowing season, the tested products did not reduce the severity of the angular spot, since the productivity was higher for fungicide treatment. In the health quality of seeds, potentially pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum truncatum and Phomopsis sp., as well as the saprophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.