No abstract

Revealing the atomistic origin of the disorder-enhanced Na-storage performance in NaFePO 4 battery cathode, Nano Energy,

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Desolvated zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-4(Zn) undergoes ad iscontinuous porous to dense phase transition on cooling through 140 K, with a2 3% contraction in unit cell volume.T he structure of the non-porous,l ow temperature phase was determined from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and its density was found to be slightly less than that of the densest ZIF phase,Z IF-zni. The mechanism of the phase transition involves ac ooperative rotation of imidazolate linkers resulting in isotropic framework contraction and pore space minimization. DFT calculations established the energy of the new structure relative to those of the room temperature phase and ZIF-zni, while DSC measurements indicate the entropic stabilization of the porous room temperature phase at temperatures above 140 K.

Owing to their huge specific surface area, high porosity, abundant metal active sites, adjustable structure, and tunable pore diameters, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted much attention from the battery scientists and technologists. MOFs have proven to be versatile precursors of cathode materials for batteries, and MOF-based cathodes have already exhibited excellent electrochemical performances. Herein, we review some recent advances in developing MOF-derived cathodes for lithium-/sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-air batteries, and lithium-selenium batteries. We also describe the synthetic mechanism, characterization of MOF-derived cathodes, and the origin of the enhanced electrochemical performances. Finally, we point out some challenges and opportunities for the future development of MOF-based cathodes.