The coastal area has experienced significant changes of waste problems over the past few years. To resolve the waste problems in coastal areas, an understanding of community perception is needed to support government efforts. Therefore, this study aims to review people’s perspectives on the dynamics of waste in the coastal areas. Community perception data were compiled through semi-structured interviews with the surrounding communities in coastal areas. ArcGIS and load count analysis were used to analyze the waste density. Waste was collected from the coastal area in Ambon Bay and analyzed using waste density calculation and spatial analysis. The results show that the total waste density obtained at the coastal area of Ambon Bay is 0.249 kg/m2, of which 0.078 kg/m2 is the density of plastic waste, and 0.171 kg/m2 is the density of non-plastic waste. Communities in coastal areas have made efforts to deal with waste problems, but the efforts made are still ineffective in overcoming these problems. That problem happens because there is a lack of knowledge of the community and lack of infrastructure in coastal areas. The research results have the potential for replication in other coastal areas and are used as the basis of decision making for waste management improvement.

This research focused on the efforts of indigenous people invested into the reconstruction of damaged Moluccan Scrubfowl (Eulipoa wallacei) egg-laying habitats, as well as, on the ways how the current conditions of the landscapes are conserved by indigenous people. This is a qualitative and quantitative study that used a combination of observation and interview methods. We also used descriptive analysis and spatial analysis including remote sensing techniques. The results showed that the abrasion process that destroyed the Moluccan Scrubfowl egg-laying habitat left a remaining sandbar with an area of 1,161 m2, or about 17% of the area of the initial sandbar. Even though the habitat has not fully recovered, Moluccan Scrubfowls still lay their eggs there. The details of the reconstruction activities carried out by indigenous people are as follows: making embankments, adding sand to the eroded area, replanting supporting coastal vegetation, and making breeding sites. In addition, efforts were also made to restore the surrounding support areas that were also damaged. The activities carried out were as follows: replantation of coral reefs, turtle breeding, nurseries and mangrove planting, nurseries of other plant species such as cloves and nutmegs, picking up trash along the coast, and early education for children in how to be environmentally conscious.

Inner Ambon bay is a shallow and narrow waters that serve as the location of floating net aquaculture systems, but its water quality is threatened by depositional. This research is aimed at knowing depositional rate, its effect to carrying capacity of marine environment that indicated by water quality, and to formulate environmental management strategies. Depositional rate assessed by calculating the rate of suspension sediment discharge from river, potential erosion estimates with USLE method, satellite imagery analysis of year 2004 and 2012, rate of water flow analysis from outer Ambon bay to inner Ambon bay, as well as bathymetric data analysis of year 2008 and 2012. To determine the water quality, sampling and laboratory test as well as scoring, weighting and matching was did to parameters, that is turbidity, DO, pH, brightness, temperature, TSS, TDS, gross primer productivity and nett primer productivity, while its environmental management strategies studied by causal approach. The research finding showed that depositional rate from suspension sediment discharge calculation and unit convertion of Wae Heru river and Wae Tonahitu river is 1.7 cm/year, while the class of potential erosion at the Wae Heru and Wae Tonahitu river mouth, both of them is very light (<15 tons/hectare/year). Satellite imagery analysis showed that depositional rate at Wae Heru and Wae Tonahitu mouth river is 2445 square meters/year and 1459.625 square meters/year respectively. Through complementary data, that is the rate of water flow analysis obtained that rate of water flow to inner Ambon bay is 84 cm/s, whereas bathymetric analysis show a reduction in water depth is 13.9 cm/year. Results of water quality analysis indicates that the carrying capacity of waters are in the medium class, as well as refer to depositional rate and water quality, so environmental management strategy is focused on the management of upstream rivers, midstream rivers, downstream rivers, riparian and coastal area.

Calculate the potential erosion at Wae Heru and Wae Tonahitu Watershed aims to map and assess the potential erosion, in order to be a scientific consideration for exploration and development. The method is a field survey to determine the forms of land use and other forms of conservation efforts; secondary data collection, i.e. soil data, rainfall data, slopes data and data interpretation from Geo Eye satellite imagery in 2012. Further data processing used USLE formula with ArcGIS program. The results showed that the potential erosion of Wae Heru Watershed and Wae Tonahitu Watershed are in very light potential class. This is because the conditions in the upstream are still forested largely. However, at the downstream potential for erosion is vary, i.e. light class, moderate class, heavy class and very heavy class. This is because the conditions in the downstream undergo conversion into settlement, moor, garden, open land and sand mining. Abstrak Menghitung potensi erosi di Wae Heru dan Wae Tonahitu Daerah Aliran Sungai bertujuan untuk memetakan dan menilai potensi erosi, agar menjadi pertimbangan ilmiah untuk eksplorasi dan pengembangan. Metode ini adalah survei lapangan untuk menentukan bentuk penggunaan lahan dan bentuk lain dari upaya konservasi; pengumpulan data sekunder, data tanah yaitu, data curah hujan, data yang lereng dan interpretasi data dari citra satelit Geo Eye pada tahun 2012. pengolahan data lebih lanjut digunakan rumus USLE program ArcGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa erosi potensi Wae Heru DAS dan Wae Tonahitu Daerah Aliran Sungai di kelas potensial sangat ringan. Hal ini karena kondisi di hulu masih berhutan sebagian besar. Namun, pada potensi hilir erosi adalah bervariasi, yaitu kelas ringan, kelas menengah, kelas berat dan kelas yang sangat berat. Hal ini karena kondisi di hilir mengalami konversi menjadi pemukiman, tegalan, kebun, lahan terbuka dan penambangan pasir.

Dryland agriculture produces agricultural commodities in the food and plantation sectors. However, the potential for dryland agriculture in Indonesia is one of the agricultural bases, which is also threatened by climate anomalies. This research aims to examine one of the climatic factors, namely Land Surface Temperature (LST), which is influenced by environmental carrying capacity factors, namely the vegetation index on the productivity of dryland agriculture. The vegetation indexes used are NDVI, SAVI, and EVI, using Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI imagery for 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019 then analyzed by statistical regression tests. Another data used are temperature comparison data from the Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia as known as Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG), agricultural productivity data from Statistics Indonesia as known as Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), and Agricultural Counseling Agency of Nangapanda District as known as Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP). The result obtained from this research is that there is a significant inverse relationship between the vegetation index and LST. Later, the increase in LST can cause a decrease in the productivity of dryland agriculture.