A mosque is one of the many respected places of praying for the Muslims. It is one of rendezvous used by the Muslims for religious occasion like sermons, meetings and more. Nations around the world each has their own design to the pulpit of the mosques, basing on their own culture and ethnicity. Terengganu is one of the states in Malaysia that has possession a variety of unique and interesting carvings on a mosque's pulpits. The study aims to analyses the symbolism of pulpit stairs in a mosque in Terengganu. To clarify this point, a qualitative descriptive study with cultural approach is used. Interviews and observation methods were used in obtaining the data either written and visual image photo. The research found that the pulpit stairs are situated on the thigh part or leg according to human body structure. All stairs built in olden days and present time are situated on the front, right side of the pulpit. In addition, the number of stairs is usually in odd numbers, which is in line with Islamic values. However, there are also pulpit stairs at present which uses even numbers. All stairs built on the pulpit carries meaning which is related to human daily life that glorifies Allah SWT's greatness. The products of these wood carvings are evidence of the Malay's craftsmanship that should be preserved. It is hoped that this research would provide information to the public of the importance of preserving cultural heritage that gave identity to an ethnicity.
Malays are well-known for their appealing and distinctive sartorial. A "tengkolok", or headdress, is the subject of reference. There are several terms for this headdress, such as tanjak, destars, setanjak or bulang ulu. The tengkolok is a Malay men's adornment and a symbol of their identity. It can be shaped in a variety of designs using only a piece of triangular-shaped fabric. Each of these designs is enhanced by its own folding and binding techniques to appeal captivating. Almost every state that adopts the monarchical system in Malaysia has its own distinctive tengkolok fashion. Although there is an equivalent name to the tengkolok, it however has different styles. Perak Darul Ridzuan, a state in Malaysia has its own tengkolok own design. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate on how the nature's pulchritude influences the design of the Perak state heritage tengkolok. The authors use a qualitative descriptive research method with a cultural approach to explain this. Data collection methods such as interviews and observations were used to collect written and visual data. According to the findings of the study, there are eight different designs of tengkolok in the Sultanate of Perak. These eight designs are divided into two categories: tengkolok designs that are still in use and tengkolok designs that are no longer in use. This paper will discuss the influence of nature in three tengkolok designs that are still in use today, namely Ayam Patah Kepak (APK), Helang Menyusur Angin (HMA) and Getang Pekasam (GP). Literature about the design of the tengkolok that is still in use can provide an opportunity for the younger generation to recognize the Malay cultural heritage, particularly the tengkolok in the Perak Sultanate. This literature also serves as an effort to appreciate and preserve the efforts of the Malay tengkolok artisans.
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