No abstract

Background: Noise pollution is of particular importance due to the physical and psychological effects on humans. Noise is a stressor that affects the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system. Noise is also a threat to marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Health risks from noise are correlated with road traffic. In other words, noise health effects are the health consequences of elevated sound levels. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of noise pollution (near roadways) on health issues in Ahvaz, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, equivalent sound pressure level were measured by sound level meters TES-1353 in 75 locations around 4 roadways, which had a high load of traffic in Ahvaz City during day time. During the study, 820 measurements were recorded at measuring stations, for 7 days per week with 1-hour interval between each measurement. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS software. Results: According to the research findings, the equivalent sound pressure levels in all stations were 76.28 ± 3.12 dB (Mean ± SD). According to sound measurements and the survey questionnaire, noise pollution is higher than EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) and Iran standard level. Based on result of this study the worst noise health effects were the nervousness and sleep quality during 2012. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, with increasing load of traffic, there is an increasing need for proper consideration plans to control noise pollution and prevent its effects.

Introduction: Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) can penetrate deeply into the sensitive parts of the lungs and cause or worsen chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory disease, emphysema, bronchitis and increased causes admission in hospital. Objective: The purpose of this study is the determination of COPD attributed to NO 2 in people's life of Bushehr megacity, Iran. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Bushehr during 2011. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease data were calculated by utilizing indices of exposure risk to health effects NO 2. In this study, data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: According to the research findings, 60 and 15 μg/m 3 concentrations the yearly average NO 2 in Bushehr were the highest and the lowest. When the NO 2 concentrations were more than 10 μg/m 3 , 2.9% of admission happened to COPD. Low concentration of NO 2 was one of the reasons of a low percentage of the observed COPD. Conclusion: According to this study increasing the NO 2 concentration has a direct and a significant effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Electrical heating, alternative fuels solar and cooking are important factors in decreasing the concentration of NO 2.

Introduction: Anesthetic gases are very important for health among health care worker (HCWs) and patients in medical centers. Operating rooms (ORs) is the most important ward that use anesthetic gases. Isoflurane gases is very dangerous for HCWs. Objective: In this study, we have associated the concentration of anesthetic toxic isoflurane gases (ppm) and the health risk assessment due to exposure to common anesthetic gases in Valiasr and Shahid Beheshti teaching hospital operating room during 2018. Methods: In this study, we used the active sampling system by portable pump SKC and tubes (sorbent Tube Tenax TA 250 mg) for detection of isoflurane concentration (ppm). Different points of the operating rooms were selected for sampling. Hazard index (HI) quantified by calculating the non-cancer causing anesthetic toxic isoflurane gases. Results: According result this study, the Valiasr and Shahid Beheshti had the lowest and the highest level of isoflurane. Based on result this study, level of isoflurane on indoor air quality in the operation room in Valiasr and Shahid Beheshti hospital were 2.129 and 2.436 ppm, respectively. According to the results from the current study, hazard index was under 1.0 and it amount showed that no significant risk of adverse health endpoint attributed to exposure to level of isoflurane in Valiasr and Shahid Beheshti teaching hospital operating room during 2018. Conclusion: According Result this study the average concentration of isoflurane and the health risk assessment in Valiasr and Shahid Beheshti teaching hospital operating room during 2018 because of flaw in the ventilation system was significantly higher than standard.

No abstract