Tujuan dari penelitian ini secara umum adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi secara objektif mengenai penanaman karakter kemandirian belajar siswa melalui kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 1 mempawah Hilir. Adapun secara khusus tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif. Bentuk penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Teknik pengumpul data yang digunakan yaitu observasi partisipatif, teknik komunikasi langsung, studi dokumenter, gabungan/triangulasi, dan, serta studi kepustakaan. Adapun alat pengumpul data pada penelitian ini panduan observasi, panduan wawancara, dokumen-dokumen, data triangulasi, dan sumber-sumber penelitian terdahulu<em>.</em> Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, disply data, kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Bentuk karakter kemandirian belajar siswa meliputi disiplin, percaya diri, tanggung jawab, berjiwa kepemimpinan dan toleransi antar sesama; (2) Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi karakter kemandirian belajar siswa melalui kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka meliputi kegiatan baris berbaris, upacara, permainan, perkemahan dan perjalanan lintas alam atau pengembaraan; (3) Upaya yang dilakukan Pembina kesiswaan dalam penanaman karakter kemandirian belajar melalui Ekstrakulikuler Pramuka meliputi: (1) penerapan sistem among; (2) mengelola satuan pramuka; (3) menciptakan kegiatan yang menarik, menyenangkan, dan mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan; (4) memahami siswa dan kebutuhannya.

<em>The research was aimed to examine the operation technique to improve teaching speaking in a procedure text. The research was Classroom Action Research in three cycles. The participants of the research were year 11 students of SMK Al-Madani Pontianak who had difficulties in speaking skills, especially in performing spoken texts in a procedure text. The data were divided into qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data were collected by using questionnaires, video recordings, observation sheets, observation’s checklists, student’s self-evaluation, and field notes. Meanwhile, the quantitative data were collected from the student’s performance tests. The finding showed that through operation, the student’s learning behavior changed positively from less to good. The writer concludes that the use of operation technique which is adjusted to the classroom’s condition improve teaching speaking in a procedure text as well as the student’s speaking skill in performing the procedure text.</em>

The ancestors of the Dayak tribe who live amid dense forests and inhabited by various wild animals, inspire and motivate the Dayak tribe to make reliable weapons that are not only able to protect themselves from the fierce forest life, but also able to sustain the existence of the Dayak tribe as a whole. The ferocious wilderness of Borneo island has tapered the determination and enthusiasm "Dayak ancestors make" Typical "weapons called" chopsticks. "Chopsticks are made of iron wood (ironwood). Chopsticks have a length of 1.5 to 2cm. The best size for a chopstick Chopsticks consist of three main parts, namely: Chopsticks, chopsticks (damak) and chopsticks (spear made of selected iron tied to the end of the chopsticks). Chopsticks that rely on this blowing power, has a shooting accuracy of up to 200 meters, effective shooting distance of 25 to 30 meters to "typical" which makes the chopstick gun deadly because at the end of the dam is spiked / smeared poison in the form of gum ipuh and a mixture of deadly animals that are said to have no antidote. with the advent of Technology and Knowledge, chopsticks began to be rarely produced as weapons of war, but more at p production as a sports tool to clot and order.