Steganography is a best method for in secret communicating information during the transference of data. Images are an appropriate method that used in steganography can be used to protection the simple bits and pieces. Several systems, this one as color scale images steganography and grayscale images steganography, are used on color and store data in different techniques. These color images can have very big amounts of secret data, by using three main color modules. The different color modules, such as HSV-(hue, saturation, and value), RGB-(red, green, and blue), YCbCr-(luminance and chrominance), YUV, YIQ, etc. This paper uses unusual module to hide data: an adaptive procedure that can increase security ranks when hiding a top secret binary image in a RGB color image, which we implement the steganography in the YCbCr module space. We performed Exclusive-OR (XOR) procedures between the binary image and the RGB color image in the YCBCR module space. The converted byte stored in the 8-bit LSB is not the actual bytes; relatively, it is obtained by translation to another module space and applies the XOR procedure. This technique is practical to different groups of images. Moreover, we see that the adaptive technique ensures good results as the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and stands for mean square error (MSE) are good. When the technique is compared with our previous works and other existing techniques, it is shown to be the best in both error and message capability. This technique is easy to model and simple to use and provides perfect security with unauthorized.

The capsule endoscopy device is one of the most important devices that have been invented recently because of its importance in facilitating the process of imaging the digestive system. The process of developing and improving the transmitter in the capsule is one of the most important things to improve images and accelerate the process of imaging. Microstrip antenna will be used because it has several benefits such as small size, ease of manufacture and low cost. In this paper, the microstrip antenna was designed with ultra-wideband technology (UWB) by using fractal geometry. The proposed antenna has a return loss of -25.1 at 5.45 GHz and VSWR of 1.13. Also, the radiation patterns are Omni-directional radiations over the UWB bandwidth.

Channel coding is an important stage in any communication system and is used for improving the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance in wireless digital communication systems in various communication channels such as the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), Rayleight, Ricean channels, and so on. One of the important types of channel coding is the Concatenated coding. This type of coding achieves low BER with large gain especially in the AWGN channel. In the presented paper, a new coding system is proposed and simulated based on parallel concatenated coding. Three convolutional encoders are used with various interleaver block length. The proposed coding system is simulated using Matlab package ver. R2007a. Low BER values are achieved with convolutional rate of 1/4 with interleaver length N = 4000 bit as compared with other interleaver length and convolutional rates.

The UWB technique is employed in this study to exclude unusual multipath components by introducing a modified Hadamard matrix. Within the concept of this approach, IPI is totally removed and the S/N is improved. The successful UWB developments were always challenged by some external factors such as noise, interference and wrong multipath components. The challenges were treated by several researchers and, in many occasions, success was achieved in improving the data rate. The basic objectives of the improvement include removing the inter-pulse interference, distinguishing the wrong multipath components and to achieve high accuracy. Transmitted reference impulse radio ultra-wideband is only one of these techniques where it is aimed to have better detection and estimation. The analogue signals are digitalized -a crucial step that significantly pushed transmitted reference impulse radio ultra-wide to a new frontier. The basic element of this study is to digitalize the output quantities of integrable data by using analogue-to-digital convertor. The other element of this study is to modify the Hadamard matrix in transmitter and receiver to achieve total removal of inter-pulse interference. As a result, the estimation and the decision were enhanced and, on other side, a reduction in signal-to-noise ratio by amount ranges from 7.12% to about 14.42% at the receiver compared to the previous modification (modified hoped single delay). Other achievements were performed by targeting inter-pulse interference total removal and the wrong multipath error was altered which led to high accuracy, better information and less simple error rate.