The present clinical study was to evaluate the relationship between weight, degenerative joint disease (DJD) and age on the outcome in dogs underwent excision arthroplasty operation. 105 dogs have been referred to clinic with lameness on hindlimb. Dogs were younger than 1 year (50 dogs), 1 to 5 years (24) and older than 5 years (31). The rest of them were less than 10kg and the rest were heavier than 10kg. Lameness during walking was scored between zero to 5. Radiographic findings were showed that degenerative joint change, hip dysplasia and luxation. Excision arthroplasty of the hip joint was performed. Walking status was examined postoperatively. Intra-group data showed in dogs younger than 1 year, weight was not an effective factor, and association between DJD and the outcome was statistically significant in both weights. DJD had effective role in dogs more than 10kg in comparison to less than 10kg. The association between DJD and the outcome wasn't statistically significant in dogs 1 to 5 years in both weights. In elder dogs, weight wasn't a main factor, and association between DJD and outcome was statistically significant in both weights. In latter group, DJD had effective role on the outcome in dogs less than 10 kg in comparison with more than 10 kg. The authors suggest the weight is not as much effective as age among groups of study after Excision arthroplasty of the hip joint.

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Accurate diagnostic approaches to differentiate peripheral nerve sheet tumours from others have not been firmly established. The aim of this case report was to diagnose neurofibroma using a combination of diagnostic imaging, histopathology and immunohistochemistry, which were applied to a canine neurofibroma arising in the left mandible. The tumour was surgically excised and examined histologically. Round or spindle cells, with elongated, dense and homogenous chromatin and pale cytoplasm typical of Schwann cells in an abundant fibromyxomatous stroma, with ruby collagen fibres were seen. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that S-100 and vimentin were more than 70% positive. Neurofibroma may therefore be recognisable using markers such as S-100 and vimentin.

Background: Peripheral nerve injuries may affect all age groups and exert devastating impacts on the professional and personal life of the patients. The investigation of nerve regeneration and use of biomaterials and synthetic materials have resulted in advancements in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries and lesions. Nerve conduits can be used to adjoin the digital sensory nerve spaces of less than 3 cm, especially when the direct tension-free repair of peripheral nerve lesions is not possible. The present study was conducted to evaluate the use of nerve conduits by functional and nonfunctional parameters (i.e. histological study). Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 30 male rabbits. After cutting or crushing the right femoral nerve of the rabbits, they were divided into 3 groups: group 1, with right femoral nerve cut; group 2, with right femoral nerve crushed; and group 3, with right femoral nerve cut using a conduit. The 3 groups were evaluated after 1, 8, and 16 weeks for functional parameters (i.e. walking track analysis). In addition, they were subjected to nonfunctional examination (i.e. histological study) after 16 weeks, then, the results were compared. Results: The 3 groups showed no statistically significant differences in motor recovery in the eighth and 16th weeks (p>0.05). Based on the histological study, group 3 with an end-to-end nerve cutting using a conduit, showed a significantly higher axon count compared to groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Conclusion: End-to-end anastomosis using conduit led to axon growth; moreover, comparable functional recovery was observed with end-to-end neurorrhaphy in a rabbit model. Given that the diameter of the nerves and muscles, which might be neurotized in humans, and is much bigger and not comparable to that of the rabbits, it is highly recommended to conduct studies on animals with the larger size, such as primates, to facilitate the generalization of the results to humans.