The study revolves around online health related information seeking. Hypothetically, the use of social media and other internet-based platforms is becoming common. This information seeking behavior further leads to self-medication which can be dangerous, so it requires theoretical attention. While many studies have been conducted to cover this behavior, there was a need to explore this area in the context of Pakistan. Internet is the focus of this study which is further subcategorized into other media forms like Social Media, Google Search, Online Web T.V./Radio and E-Magazines/Papers. Data was gathered using purposive sampling technique from the intended population (N = 300) and to examine the data. Findings of this study indicated that the relationship of information-carrier characteristics and online health information seeking was significantly mediated by utility of information channel. On the other hand, utility was significantly predicted by beliefs, interest, and information-carrier characteristics. Furthermore, direct experience and salience are not significant predictors of utility of online health information seeking. The study also helped elaborating the extensions of comprehensive model of information seeking, which are helpful in applying this model in context of the latest digital media.

Objective:To investigate the effect of kinesio tape and therapeutic ultrasound on pain and hand grip strength associated with tennis elbow. Material and Methods:Twenty male and female patients with age from 20-50 years suffering from lateral epicondylitis were participated in this study. All patients were randomly selected from orthopaedic surgeon. They were dividing into two groups. Group (A) (ultrasound and exercises group). Group (B) (kinesio tape and exercises group). The hand-held dynamometer was used to provide a detailed and objective measurement of wrist joint strength throughout its range of motion, the pressure being registered in kilogram (Kg) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to record the degree of pain intensity. Result:The result shows no signifi cant difference between group A and B in their ages, weights, heights, and BMI where their t and P-values were (0.8, 0.43), (0.03, 0.97), (0.98, 0.33), and (0.9, 0.37) respectively. In Group A the signifi cant differences in hand grip strength between pre and post-test which shows 31.59), compared to the pre-test (27.35), while in group B (33.17) compared to the pre-test (23.88). According the pain scale for group A and group B there are signifi cant differences where the results were (2.50), compared to the pre-test (5.90) and (2.00), compared to the pre-test (7.30), retrospectively. Conclusion:The treatment was improvement between both groups. However, the kinesio tape is better than therapeutic ultrasound.

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The study was designed to compare between the effect of strengthening exercises and mobilization techniques among patients with mechanical low back pain. Sixteen participants were included in this study, three patients for each group were excluded. They were classified into two groups. Group A, strengthening exercises, therapeutic massage, and group B, mobilization techniques, therapeutic massage. Each group had three sessions per week, for four weeks. The participants were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).  Independent samples were collected, t-test was used to study the similarity of demographic data between groups, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to study the change between pre- and post-treatment. The Mann-Whitney test was used to study the comparison between the two treatments. The comparison revealed that for VAS there was a significant difference between groups in term of the strengthening exercises group (P >0.05). For ODI, there were no statically significant differences between groups (P <0.05), but the impact of both techniques suggests that strengthening exercises have a higher effect comparing to mobilization techniques on pain. The study indicated that the strengthening exercises were more effective than mobilization techniques on pain. And finally, the study revealed that there was no significant difference between both groups on ODI.