BACKGROUND As a bio‐derived platform molecule, levulinic acid can be converted to liquid fuels with similar components as aviation kerosene after undergoing aldol self‐condensation and successive hydrodeoxygenation reactions. In view of its complicated composition, sebacic acid was selected as a model compound for the investigating the hydrodeoxygenation performance of the product of levulinic acid self‐condensation in this work. RESULTS Firstly, a series of supported metal catalysts were screened and characterized by temperature‐programmed desorption of NH3 and CO2, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and CO pulse chemisorption. The results indicated that Ru/TiO2 showed the highest selectivity to total long‐chain alkanes at the complete conversion of sebacic acid. Then, the influence of preparation conditions on the catalytic performance of Ru/TiO2 and the effect of reaction conditions on the hydrodeoxygenation of sebacic acid were studied. On this basis, possible hydrodeoxygenation reaction routes were discussed. CONCLUSION The excellent catalytic performance of Ru/TiO2 is attributed to a moderate degree of Ru reduction and dispersion, along with its unique acid–base characteristics. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

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By the method of semi-tensor product of matrices, state based potential games are investigated. Firstly, using the potential equation, a necessary and sufficient condition and a sufficient condition are proposed, respectively, to verify whether a state based game is potential. Then two static equivalence conditions of state based potential games are presented. Furthermore, the dynamic equivalence is given such that the state based games dynamically equivalent to the state based potential games have similar dynamic properties. Lastly, the concept of state based networked evolutionary games is proposed. A necessary and sufficient condition is given to assure a state based networked evolutionary game is potential.