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Based on 287 of the largest clothing manufacturing firms in southern China in terms of output value, we employed data envelopment analysis to estimate the technical efficiency of the sample firms. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of export orientation on technical efficiency. Our results suggest a U-shaped relationship between export ratio and technical efficiency. The specific nature of the industry in Guangdong province can explain that clothing firms with a high degree of sales in the domestic market or with a high level of export orientation experience a higher level of technical efficiency than those firms trying to conquer both the local and the overseas markets. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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and Analysis of the Guangzhou Branch of People's Bank of China. ** The paper has received major support from the Guangdong Labour and Social Guarantee Bureau, China, to finance the project on "The Effects of the Labour Contract Law on Enterprises." Our gratitude also goes to the Guangdong Statistical Bureau and Guangdong Survey Brigade of China National Bureau of Statistics for their kind and valuable assistance, which facilitated our indepth questionnaire survey. Acknowledgement is due to Isom Adiari for information searches. We would like to express our heartfelt appreciation to the two anonymous reviewers who provided us with insightful comments and suggestions on an early draft of the paper. The viewpoints and findings given in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of our affiliations or of the organisations mentioned above. We retain responsibility for the opinions expressed in the paper. China p erspe ctiv es Article