Digitalization, robotization, artificial intelligence, and all kinds of new technologies that are known as Industry 4.0 or the fourth industrial revolution have great influence on the future of work because they will gather new jobs with new skills, and a majority of the senior workforce will probably have a lot of problems with those kinds of changes and challenges. The major objective of the paper is to recognize the dependence of the unemployment of the age category 55–64 upon selected explanatory variables. The explanatory variables were selected, and the expectations of their signs were presented in the research design. The secondary data of Eurostat and OECD 2015 has been used, covering the twenty-two member countries of the European Union (the countries that provided minimum wage were included only). The econometric analysis, specifically model specification and model quantification were the main methods used in the paper. The main outcomes and relevance of the model as well as its limitations have been compared with the findings of other authors in the discussion and implications for further research.

Th e graduates of tertiary education level are one of the risk groups in the economically active age, who have a signifi cant problem to fi nd a job in the labour market. Th e research has been focused on defi ning the key factors infl uencing the creation of competitive advantages of the tertiary education graduates entering labour market as well as to identify the eff ectiveness of these factors in the process of entering the tertiary education graduates in the labour market. Th e methods of analysis were used in the processing of a survey of graduates from three universities of the Czech Republic, namely: the Masaryk University Czech Republic, the Mendel University in Brno, and the Brno University of Technology, at all levels of the higher education degree (Bachelor, Master, PhD) completed by the respondents graduating no earlier than two years ago. Th e data were collected through an online questionnaire, published in the February and March 2013 on the server http://rela.mendelu.cz, at the number of 150 returned fi lled questionnaires. Based on the analysis of secondary sources, there were for the research purposes defi ned fi ve key factors infl uencing the effi ciency of entering the labour market. Th ese factors are the analysis of the current labour market situation and the rational preference of specialization, the active search and participating in programs and the internships focused on gaining the practical experience, the acquisition of professional skills, the use of institutional support and professional assistance and the factor of the building and use of networking.

Th e paper analyses the relationships between the profi tability of viticulture on the one hand and the sugar content and grapes yield in viticulture in the Czech Republic between 1995 and 2014 on the other hand. Th e paper aims to fi nd out which of these has had a greater impact on the viticulture profi tability in the Czech Republic over the last twenty years. One of the frequently debated questions is whether a higher yield of grapes may also bring a high or moderately above average sugar content, and also whether the production for sale is profi table. Th e answer can be achieved either via the micro-appraisal (repeatable and many times conducted experiments) or via the macro-appraisal -collecting average data for the appraised region. For this paper, the macro-appraisal was chosen, i.e. the statistical survey for the Czech Republic between 1995 and 2014. Th e period of 20 years comes from an annual examination conducted by the Association of Winemakers of the Czech Republic on the grapes yields in their members. In the Czech Republic, the price in the grapes market is set depending on the variety of vine and sugar content. It follows from the 20-year statistics of the Association of Winemakers CR, that the profi tability of grapes production for sale is not achieved by the sugar content but by the per hectare yield. Th e yield per hectare should vary between 5.5 and 7 t/ha (tonne per hectare) at the average sugar content of 18.5 to 21 o NM (between 11.0 and 12.5% volume of the potential alcohol). Th e grapes yield of more than 6 t/ha does not increase the profi tability because the price off ered by the purchasing companies decreases.

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