Economic activity is not only becoming more internationalized, but, more significantly, it is becoming increasingly globalized. Globalization is always regarded as the product of the liberalization that has been the hallmark of economic policy throughout the world during the past decade. It has also set in motion forces working to accelerate liberalization. One of the distinguishing features of trade at the end of the twentieth century and at the start of the new millennium has been the expansion of regional trade agreements and the multilateral agreements. The internationalization of services is at the core of today's economic globalization. Tourism has become one of the most important industries in the world, and its economic impacts are vital for many countries. It has long supported the idea of services agreements and has become a major component in the globalization of international trade, particularly with respect to services. There is no doubt that the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) have assisted the growth of international trade in goods and services. However, the success of such instruments relies upon markets behaving in a Ricardian manner, incorporating the fluidity and transparency that form the substance of those markets.

The liberalization of air transport industry in the USA by 1978 and then in the early 1990s in the Eu, that was resulted in having the LCCs, has led to significant changes in the global air transport sector .The success of LCCs, and their acquisition of a large market share in the air transport sector are due to the fact that such firms rely mostly on providing the air transport services with a competitive price for passengers. The study pursues to highlight on the experience of LCCs, and the extent of their success in the aviation market. A questionnaire was used to conduct this research. A sample of 292 air passengers participated in this study. The findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between the 4Ps of marketing, namely price, promotion and place, and passengers' purchasing decision-making. Additionally, the results also revealed that price is generally the most important element of the marketing mix affecting the passengers' purchasing decision-making when travelling on board of the LCCs.

The impacts of globalization on national and international policy making processes are illustrated by an examination of the effects on air transport industries. Trends towards the liberalization of air transport activities have been noted in many countries, mainly, to date, those of developed or rapidly developing status. Specific demand and supply conditions affect the air transport industries, and a particular regulatory framework has grown up since the 1940s. The study examines trends towards the privatization of airline companies in the context of (a) the development of so-called global ‘alliances’ or ‘partnerships’ and (b) liberalization at regional level and within trade groups such as the European Union. The new challenges of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) are considered, especially in terms of how developing countries can develop appropriate policies in response to the forces of globalization, increasing liberalization and competition.

Stock Markets are an important part of the economics of the Arabian countries. Securities traded on a stock exchange include stock issued by listed firms and bonds. The current study aims to investigate the effect of Stock Split on Market Capitalization and Market Value in Hospitality and Tourism in three Bourses. For the purpose of the study, determinations of whether Stock Split made by Hospitality and Tourism Sector Index's firms on the Egyptian Exchange, Saudi Arabian Stock Exchange and Bahrain Bourse have an effect on the splitting firms. The study uses historical quantitative data during the period (

Social media is considered new potential wave in the online business marketing. Tourism and hospitality marketers are beginning to drive the use of social media as a new tool in their marketing plan to stretch out to customers. YouTube is a popular video-sharing site and considered one of the most important social media sites that can be used in tourism and hotels marketing to keep up with incremental changes in the information technology applications. This paper aimed to explore the advantages of using YouTube in tourism marketing in general and therapeutic tourism and hotels in particular based in Egypt. The research problem is that there is no any governmental YouTube Channel in Egypt to market the therapeutic tourism and hotels. Two phases of data collection methods were employed in this research: first, using the online content analysis of the available YouTube videos and channels; second, using questionnaire strategy targeted the Egyptian experts in the marketing field. The research implications that can be inferred from this research are twofold: first, this paper highlighted a new social media tool in E-marketing using YouTube for academics; second, it will help practitioners to depend on the developed strategy to use YouTube in marketing the Egyptian therapeutic tourism and hotels. Finally, this study recommends the need for further research to develop a conceptual framework using a mixed methods research to widen the roles for which social media can be utilized for the Egyptian marketers.