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Background: Humans are widely exposed to acrylamide (ACR) and its neurotoxicity is a significant public health issue attracting wide attention. The aim of the study was to investigate ACR-induced adverse cerebellar changes in rats and study the possible oligodendrogenic effect of omega 3 and green tea. Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult albino rats weighing 150-200 g were randomly divided into four equal groups (6 rats each): control group (Group I), the rats that received ACR 45 mg/kg/day (Group II), the rats that received ACR concomitant with omega 3 at a dosage of 200 mg/kg/day (Group III), the rats that received ACR concomitant with green tea dissolved in drinking water at a dosage of 5 g/L (Group IV). The rats were euthanized after 8 weeks of the experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in cerebellar homogenates. Sections of 5 µm thickness from specimens from the cerebellum were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, silver stain and immunohistochemical stains: platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFα; for oligodendrocytes), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; for astrocytes) and BCL2 (antiapoptotic). Results: Omega 3 and green tea had improved MDA and GSH as compared to the ACR group. Histologically, the ACR group showed variable degrees of cellular degeneration. Omega 3 had induced oligodendrogenesis in Group III. The optical density of silver stain was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in Groups III and IV as compared to the ACR group. Area per cent of positive PDGFα was significantly increased in the ACR + omega 3 group as compared to the ACR group. Area per cent of positive GFAP was significantly decreased in Groups III and IV as compared to the ACR group. Area per cent of positive BCL2 was significantly increased in the omega 3-trated group as compared to the ACR group. Conclusions: Concomitant administration of omega 3 or green tea with ACR might mitigate the adverse cerebellar changes caused by ACR thanks to an oligodendrogenic effect of omega 3. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 3: 564-574)

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is commonly used as chemotherapy for many cancers as well as autoimmune disorders. However, upon treatment, it was found that it had side effect which was the cause of histological and biochemical changes due to its oxidative stress capability. Atorvastatin (ATV) at a therapeutic low dose has been found to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Aim of Study: The present work was designed to evaluate the adverse effect of cyclophosphamide on the histology and oxidative markers of the kidneys and testes of adult male albino rats. Moreover, the study evaluated the role of Atorvastatin in prevention and treatment of the possible renal and testicular histological and biochemical alterations induced by cyclophosphamide. Material and Methods: Twenty-four adult male albino rats were utilized in the present study, six in each group; Group I (control group), Group II receiving Cyclophosphmideonly, Group III receiving Atorvastatin 10 days after-Cyclophosphmide, Group IV receiving Atorvastatin 5 days before and 5 days after Cyclophosphmide. The kidneys and testes of all rats were dissected and removed for investigation using light microscopic study, biochemical analysis, histomorphometrical and statistical study. Results: Light microscopic examination of the renal cortex of the kidneys of group II showed shrunken renal glomeruli with subsequent widening of the Bowman's space, and interstitial inflammatory cellular infiltration. The proximal and distal convoluted tubules appeared dilated. Examination of the rat testes of group II displayed histological changes in theform of irregular distorted seminiferous tubules with marked degenerative changes of the spermatogenic epithelium. The interstitial spaces were wide containing pyknotic Leydig cells, dilated congested blood vessels and interstitial acidophilic exudate. The renal glomeruli and seminiferous tubules showed increased amount of collagen fibers deposition in the interstitial tissue in Masson's stained sections. Light microscopic examination of the kidneys and testes of group III and IV showed recovery of the histological changes.

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