Abstract--Solar power generation had been used as a renewable energy since years ago. Residential that uses solar power as their alternative power supply will bring benefits to them. The main objective of this project is to develop an automatic solar tracking system which will keep the solar panels aligned with the Sun in order to maximize in harvesting solar power. The system tracks the maximum intensity of light. When the intensity of light is decreasing, this system automatically changes its direction to get maximum intensity of light. LDR light detector is used to trace the coordinate of the Sun. While to rotate the appropriate position of the panel, a DC geared motor is used. The system is controlled by two relays as a driver and a microcontroller as a main processor. This project is covered for a single axis and is designed for residential usage. Finally, the project is able to track and follow the Sun intensity in order to get maximum power at the output regardless motor speed.Index Terms--solar tracking, sun tracking.

No abstract

This paper focus on analysis on Long Range (LoRa) handover session was conducted in urban, suburban, and rural area in Perlis state, Malaysia. The experiment will consists of observation and analyzed on three area using LoRa communication modules. These three areas were collected on its Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) to know the signal strength over the distance from base station and the differences physical object appear in Line of Sight (LoS) during the transmitting and receiving its signal from LoRa Transmitter to LoRa Receiver. The result at three area of different location have shown various pattern in term of RSSI where the each of the location give the distance that signal of LoRa could reach whilst the motion of vehicle is constant. From this experiment, certain level of RSSI value will be chosen to set as minimum boundary switcher for handover process state indicator and be used handover process algorithm in network switcher.

No abstract

Belt conveyor is today’s very important mechanism in material handling industries and is most commonly used to transport bulk materials such as grain, salt, coal and sand. Belt deflection indicates belt is loosening. It occurs between the idler roll sets due to the self-weight of the belt and the forces from the bulk material. This paper includes detailed analysis of the conveyor belt deflection under pragmatic load conditions. The aim of the project is to develop a Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation model for the deflection analysis of a conveyor belt using load data for bulk material calculated by a coupled Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulation. The scope of this project is on idler roll aspects. Two types of three-trough idlers were used in this project which were made of steel and plastic respectively. A variety of idler spacing were used to determine the most efficient configuration for the belt. This paper will explain the FEM procedures for the modelling of the belt behavior and the working principle of a coupled FEM-DEM analysis. Experimental results were presented and compared based on parameters. Comparisons showed plastic idler-rollers with smaller gap is better than the rest and it could be optimized to improve the performance and efficiency.