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In this research, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) was synthesized using pyrolysis of melamine and its phase, morphology, composition, and structure were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The modification of carbon paste electrode with g-C 3 N 4 /chitosan composite has been performed using the casting method. Experimental results demonstrated the superb adsorptive properties of g-C 3 N 4 /chitosan composite through Hg(II). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied for quantitative determinations. The linear calibration curves is obtained in the ranges of 1.0 × 10 −6 to 8.0 × 10 −5 mol L −1 and 1.0 × 10 −7 to 5.0 × 10 −6 mol L −1 . The proposed protocol can offer a highly selective and sensitive method for the detection of Hg(II) with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10 −8 mol L −1 . Determination of Hg(II) was performed in the presence of Fe(II) and Cu(II). Finally, the modified electrode has been applied for sensitive determination of Hg(II) in real samples.

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The modified electrode was prepared using a layer-by-layer method with functionalized CNPs and SDS. The ability of modified electrode to adsorb ciprofloxacin was investigated. Ciprofloxacin was analyzed in real samples.