Aim To determine whether there is a relationship between compulsory citizenship behaviours and job stress among nurses working at public hospitals. Background Nurses may face strong pressure from their managers or peers to perform role behaviours beyond what is found in their job definition. When mandated, these extra duties are called compulsory citizenship behaviours. Method This descriptive study included 569 nurses who work in three hospitals. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical analyses, linearity test, Pearson's correlation analysis, simple linear regression analysis and parametric and nonparametric tests. Results There was a significant, strong and positive relationship between the nurses' job stress and compulsory citizenship behaviours. Statistically significant differences were found between the nurses’ job stress scores according to the institution and unit they worked in and their professional experience duration. Conclusion This study found that nurses display compulsory citizenship behaviours and experience job stress at a high level. A significant relationship was found between these two variables. Implications for Nursing Management Special training programmes should be held informing managers and nurses about the negative outcomes of compulsory citizenship behaviours and positive outcomes of organisational citizenship behaviours. Appropriate opportunities and resources should be provided to cope with stress in hospital settings.

Purpose: It was aimed to evaluate depression, anxiety, stress symptoms of health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and to reveal the risk factors.Design and Methods: Four hundred and sixteen professionals participated in this study. Data were collected online by Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale.Findings: A statistically significant, positive relationship was determined between professionals' perceptions of COVID-19 risk and scale scores.Practice Implications: The professionals involved in the struggle against the COVID-19 have high levels of depression, anxiety, stress. It is recommended to revise the content to enable individuals to increase skills in coping with similar situations and to take measures to protect their health.

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ÖZETAmaç: Çalışma, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının empatik beceri düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem:Tanımlayıcı olarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın ör-neklemine Sağlık Bakanlığı'na bağlı İstanbul ilinin 39 ilçesinde birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde görev yapan, formu tam ve hatasız dolduran 1162 sağlık çalışanı alındı. Veri toplama aracı olarak, sağlık çalışanlarının sosyo-demografik özelliklerini içeren bilgi formu ile Empatik Beceri Ölçeği (EB) B formu kullanıldı. Veriler, yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplandı. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde, t testi ve ANOVA kullanıldı. Bulgular: Sağlık çalışanlarının %27.1'i hemşire, %29.7'si ebe, %29.7'si sağlık memuru, %3.4'ü doktor ve %10.1'i acil tıp teknisyeni / laboranttır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 34.11±7.94, %79.8'i kadın, %73.4'ü evli, %61.5'i çocuk sahibi, %26.1'i ön lisans mezunu, %35.6'sı 1-5 yıldır mesleki deneyime sahip ve %74.4'ü 1-5 yıldır bulunduğu kurumda gö-rev yapmaktadır. Sağlık çalışanlarının empatik beceri puan ortalaması 143.05±26.20 olarak bulundu. Empatik beceri puan ortalamalarının, sağlık memuru olanların tüm gruplardan anlamlı olarak en yüksek olduğu; 26-35 yaş grubunda bulunan sağlık çalışanlarının 36-45 yaş grubundakilerden anlamlı olarak daha düşük olduğu; kadınların erkeklerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu; bekar olanların evli olanlardan anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu; çocuk sahibi olanların çocuk sahibi olmayanlardan anlamlı olarak daha düşük olduğu, sağlık meslek lisesi ve ön lisans mezunu olanların lisans ve lisansüstü mezunu olanlardan anlamlı olarak daha düşük olduğu saptanırken, meslekteki çalışma süresi ve kurumdaki görev sürelerine göre anlamlı fark olmadığı bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Empatik beceri düzeyinin sağlık memurlarında yüksek olduğu; yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, medeni durum, çocuk sahibi olma gibi sosyo-demografik özelliklerden etkilendiği saptanmıştır.

Aim:The aim of this study is to determine nurses' disaster core competency levels, compare them based on characteristics and examine the relationships with psychological resilience.Background: Since nurses constitute a critical part in the health care services, it is important to understand the competencies and effective factors in their disaster preparedness. Methods:The data were collected from 489 nurses between January and February 2021 with an introductory information form, the Nurses' Perceptions of Disaster Core Competencies Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Results:The nurses' level of disaster core competencies was above the average, and it was positively correlated with their psychological resilience. The nurses' disaster experiences made higher differences on their disaster core competencies when compared to their personal and professional characteristics.Conclusions: It is important to provide disaster training and drills to all nurses on a regular basis. However, under disaster conditions, resilience should also be considered and included in the preparation plans for nurses to support their professional competencies and qualifications.Implications for nursing management: Nurse managers should play a leadership role in planning disaster preparedness training for nurses, and these trainings should be addressed to cover both professional competencies and resilience for nurses to respond effectively to disasters.