Objectives:To evaluate ocular surface health in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to investigate the tendency of these patients toward dry eyes.Materials and Methods:Fifty patients who underwent polysomnography and were diagnosed with OSAS and 50 normal control subjects were compared with respect to ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer I test and tear film break-up time (TBUT) values.Results:Patients were grouped as mild (n=15, 30%), moderate (n=15, 30%) and severe (n=20, 40%) according to apnea-hypopnea index values. The right eyes of patients were included in both groups. OSDI values were as follows: control group, 18.7±8.5; mild OSAS group, 40.2±2.8; moderate OSAS group, 48.5±2.2 and severe OSAS group, 62.7±2.3 (p<0.001). TBUT values were as follows: control group, 12.3±4.9; mild OSAS group, 8.2±4.7; moderate OSAS group, 5.8±2.1 and severe OSAS group, 4.2±3.7 (p<0.001). Schirmer values were as follows: control group, 18±6.1 mm; mild OSAS group, 12.9±6.7 mm; moderate OSAS group, 8.5±5.2 mm and severe OSAS group, 7.9±4.7 mm (p<0.001).Conclusion:Patients with OSAS seem to have a tendency toward dry eyes. Clinicians should be aware of dry eye development in these patients.

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Background: The aim of the study is to test whether use of autologous serum eye-drops can provide earlier epithelial healing following the application of photorefractive keratectomy. Method: Sixty patients (60 eyes) underwent photorefractive keratectomy for myopia. Thirty eyes received autologous serum drops (Study group) while 30 eyes received conventional artificial tears (Control group) after photorefractive keratectomy. An 8 mm epithelial opening was prepared with the application of 18 per cent alcohol for 20 seconds. Photorefractive keratectomy was performed using ESIRIS excimer laser (SCHWIND, Kleinostheim, Germany) with an optic zone of 6.5 mm. Total duration of epithelial healing was monitored as the main outcome measure. The comparisons were done with chi-square test and independent samples t-test. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results: Preoperative myopic spherical refraction and ablation depths were similar in the study and control groups. The mean duration for epithelial healing was about one day shorter in the eyes receiving autologous serum compared to the eyes receiving conventional treatment (2.2 AE 0.25 days versus 3 AE 0 days, p = 0.001). All eyes achieved 6/7.5 or better uncorrected visual acuity in six months. In both groups, more than 90 per cent of eyes were within AE0.50 D of emmetropia in 12 months. No significant difference was noted for the incidence of +1 haze. Conclusion: Use of autologous serum drops reduces epithelial healing duration following surface ablation for two days.

To identify any structural differences in macular choroidal thickness in migraine patients and compare them with that of control subjects by using spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In this prospective study, choroidal thicknesses of 32 migraine patients during migraine attack-free period and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were measured using SD-OCT. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination before the measurements. The migraine patients were classified into the migraine with aura group or the migraine without aura group. Migraine severity was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), migraine disability questionnaire (Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS), and Wong-Baker faces pain rating scale. Thirty eyes of 32 subjects (31 female and 1 male) in the migraine group and 32 eyes of 32 subjects (31 female and 1 male) in control group were evaluated. In the study group, 16 patients suffered migraine without aura (MWA) and 16 patients were diagnosed as migraine with aura (MA). The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was 353.3 ± 66.5 μm in the control group versus 304.3 ± 72.9 μm and 276.1 ± 61.4 μm in MWA and MA groups, respectively. The difference in SFCT between the migraine patients and the controls was significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, a moderate correlation was found between SFCT and the VAS score and W baker score (r = 0.48, p = 0.008 and r = 0.43, p = 0.02, respectively). The choroidal thickness was found to decrease significantly not only in migraine patients with aura but also in those without aura during the attack-free period.

The macular choroidal thickness-not only in amblyopic eyes but also in non-amblyopic fellow eyes-was significantly thicker than in the healthy subjects. The thick choroid in amblyopic and non-amblyopic fellow eyes may indicate bilateral delay of emmetropization, which probably means amblyopia affecting the visual feedback of both eyes.