The main objective of this paper was to compare and contrast three school budgeting approachesnamely, zero-based budgeting (ZBB), school-based budgeting (SBB), and cycle-based budgeting (CBB). ZBB refers to a budget creation mechanism whose aim is to develop managerial control over agency funding requests. ZBB comprises three strengths. First, it moves the firm away from the incremental budgeting. Second, it rationalizes cuts on the budget. Third, it is helpful in resource allocations within organizational departments. Nonetheless, ZBB has its weaknesses as it is managerial driven. Alternatively, under the SBB, the company's central office has the mandate to forecast the system vast revenue for a given fiscal year. A major strength of the approach is that people who best comprehend requirements play a pivotal in decision-making. However, the SBB can prove to be challenging to local managers in addition to encouraging conflict. CBB is understood as the combination of zero-based budgeting and grant application. Despite the challenges of CBB is being time-consuming and the fact that programs that are not aligned to the strategic priorities of the district may be affected. CBB is the best to utilize in Ontario schools because it employs decentralised funding and is fair.

Background: Premature loss of deciduous teeth results in arch discrepancy, crowding, permanent tooth impaction, midline shift, and thereafter function impairment. Due to these reasons, we need a "space maintainer" which is an appliance utilized to maintain a space in a certain arch that had previously been filled by a tooth or more. The purpose of our study was to determine if the Saudi populace has adequate knowledge and awareness of the necessity of space maintainers. Methodology: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in different regions of Saudi Arabia from January 2020 until November 2021. An online questionnaire was used; collect data in Saudi Arabia with a sample size consisting of 690 Saudi adults. Microsoft Office Word Software program (2020) for windows was used to data entry. Data was shifted to the (SPSS) program to be statistically analyzed. Results: The study sample consisted of 690 participants. 16.4% of study sample were males and 83.6% were females. 51.3% aged between 20-30 years old. 54.9% of all participants take their children to the dental clinic twice a year, 16.8% every year and 21% only if there's a problem with the child. Only 27.5% or our participants knew space maintainers. Conclusion: Finally, there was a lack of knowledge and awareness of space maintainers among the Saudi people.Parents should be urged to clean their children's teeth in order to avoid the development of dental caries and the premature loss of primary teeth.