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The purpose of this study is to better understand challenges and typical responses of leadership in datadriven transformations. Increasingly organizations aspire to practices of data-driven decision making. In this context the transformational aspects transcend traditional change management processes and pose new and different challenges to leadership. To explore these challenges and typical responses we performed four in-depth case studies of organizations that are more mature in terms of their transformation towards a data-driven organization. Propositions derived from change management and digital transformation literature guide our exploration. Our findings help understand the key role of leadership in a data-driven transformation, particularly through (1) continuously communicating and explaining the value of being datadriven, (2) securing and managing critical resources, including data and analysts, and (3) creating a datadriven culture. Our study contributes to literature by combining insights from change management and data-driven transformations to better understand the dynamics of leadership in this context.

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Blockchain has been heralded as a technology that can transform entire sectors, including the public sector where blockchain applications are believed to bring a wide range of benefits. The public sector is lagging behind, however, in its actual adoption of blockchain technology, and our understanding of the factors that explain the slow adoption rate, is lacking. Based on seven case studies of blockchain projects at various adoption stages, this research contributes to our understanding of what factors influence blockchain adoption in the public sector. We use an extended TOE framework that includes an inter-organizational perspective. The findings show that adoption is influenced by the hype around-and resistance toblockchain technology; by top management support, by (perceptions of) the regulatory environment; as well as by trust between blockchain partners, which is both an antecedent as well as a consequence of blockchain adoption.